1 Samuel 26:21 · JPS 1917
Then said Saul: 'I have sinned; return, my son David; for I will no more do thee harm, because my life was precious in thine eyes this day; behold, I have played the fool and erred exceedingly.'
Who acts: Saul, I, life · What happens: say, sin, return, do, be, play · To what, where: harm, thee, eyes, fool · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 1 Samuel 26:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul, I, life), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 said | advmod |
| 2 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | Saul | Saul | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 said | nsubj |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 sinned | punct |
| 5 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 8 sinned | punct |
| 6 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 sinned | nsubj |
| 7 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 sinned | aux |
| 8 | sinned | sin | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 said | ccomp |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 10 return | punct |
| 10 | return | return | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 sinned | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 son | punct |
| 12 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 son | nmod:poss |
| 13 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 return | vocative |
| 14 | David | David | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 son | flat |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 do | punct |
| 16 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 21 do | mark |
| 17 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 do | nsubj |
| 18 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 do | aux |
| 19 | no | no | ADV | _ | 20 more | advmod |
| 20 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 21 do | advmod |
| 21 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 return | advcl |
| 22 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 21 do | iobj |
| 23 | harm | harm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 do | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 precious | punct |
| 25 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 29 precious | mark |
| 26 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 life | nmod:poss |
| 27 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 precious | nsubj |
| 28 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 precious | cop |
| 29 | precious | precious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 do | advcl |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 eyes | case |
| 31 | thine | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 32 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 32 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 precious | obl |
| 33 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 34 day | det |
| 34 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 precious | obl:unmarked |
| 35 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 played | punct |
| 36 | behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 40 played | discourse |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 behold | punct |
| 38 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 40 played | nsubj |
| 39 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 played | aux |
| 40 | played | play | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 sinned | conj |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 fool | det |
| 42 | fool | fool | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 played | obj |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 erred | cc |
| 44 | erred | err | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 40 played | conj |
| 45 | exceedingly | exceedingly | ADV | _ | 44 erred | advmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 said | punct |
| 47 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 2 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- promise
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Saul | then | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | sin | present · perfect | I | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | return | infinitive | I not said here | my son vocative | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | do | future | I | harm | thee | tree rules | |||
| 5 | is | past | my life | thine eyes | day | precious property | tree rules | ||
| 6 | play | present · perfect | I | the fool | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fool=Theme | ||||
| 7 | err | participle | I not said here | exceedingly property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּאמֶר֩ שָׁא֨וּל חָטָ֜אתִי שׁ֣וּב בְּנִֽי־דָוִ֗ד כִּ֠י לֹֽא־אָרַ֤ע לְךָ֙ ע֔וֹד תַּ֠חַת אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָקְרָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֛י בְּעֵינֶ֖יךָ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה הִנֵּ֥ה הִסְכַּ֛לְתִּי וָאֶשְׁגֶּ֖ה הַרְבֵּ֥ה מְאֹֽד׃
1 Samuel 26:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:791 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.791/