2 Kings 4:39 · JPS 1917
And one went out into the field to gather herbs, and found a wild vine, and gathered thereof wild gourds his lap full, and came and shred them into the pot of pottage; for they knew them not.
Who acts: one, gourds · What happens: go out, gather, find, come, shr, not know · To what, where: field, herbs, wild vine, wild gourds, gourds, pot
This is 2 Kings 4:39 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, gourds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 went | cc |
| 2 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 went | nsubj |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | out | out | ADV | _ | 3 went | advmod |
| 5 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 field | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 field | det |
| 7 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 went | obl |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 gather | mark |
| 9 | gather | gather | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 went | advcl |
| 10 | herbs | herb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 gather | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 found | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 found | cc |
| 13 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 vine | det |
| 15 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 vine | amod |
| 16 | vine | vine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 found | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 gathered | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 gathered | cc |
| 19 | gathered | gather | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 20 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 19 gathered | advmod |
| 21 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 gourds | amod |
| 22 | gourds | gourd | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 gathered | obj |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 lap | nmod:poss |
| 24 | lap | lap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 gathered | obj |
| 25 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 gathered | xcomp |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 came | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 came | cc |
| 28 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 shred | cc |
| 30 | shred | shr | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 came | conj |
| 31 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 shred | obj |
| 32 | into | into | ADP | _ | 34 pot | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 pot | det |
| 34 | pot | pot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 shred | obl |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 pottage | case |
| 36 | pottage | pottage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 pot | nmod |
| 37 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 knew | punct |
| 38 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 40 knew | mark |
| 39 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 knew | nsubj |
| 40 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | parataxis |
| 41 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 knew | obj |
| 42 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 40 knew | advmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 went | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go out | past | one | the field | out property | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | gather | to-infinitive | one not said here | herbs | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent herb=Theme | ||||
| 3 | find | past | one not said here | a wild vine | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vine=Topic | ||||
| 4 | gather | past | one not said here | wild gourds | full, thereof property | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent gourd=Beneficiary lap=Theme | |||
| 5 | come | past | one not said here | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | shr | past | one not said here | gourds = gourd | the pot of pottage | tree rules | |||
| 7 | not know | past | gourds = gourd | herbs = herb | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֵּצֵ֨א אֶחָ֣ד אֶל־הַשָּׂדֶה֮ לְלַקֵּ֣ט אֹרֹת֒ וַיִּמְצָא֙ גֶּ֣פֶן שָׂדֶ֔ה וַיְלַקֵּ֥ט מִמֶּ֛נּוּ פַּקֻּעֹ֥ת שָׂדֶ֖ה מְלֹ֣א בִגְד֑וֹ וַיָּבֹ֗א וַיְפַלַּ֛ח אֶל־סִ֥יר הַנָּזִ֖יד כִּֽי־לֹ֥א יָדָֽעוּ׃
2 Kings 4:39: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:122 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.122/