2 Kings 5:12 · JPS 1917
Are not Amanah and Pharpar, the rivers of Damascus, better than all the waters of Israel? may I not wash in them, and be clean?' So he turned, and went away in a rage.
Who acts: Amanah, I, Naaman · What happens: not be, not wash, be, turn, go away · To what, where: rage
This is 2 Kings 5:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Amanah, I, Naaman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 better | cop |
| 2 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 better | advmod |
| 3 | Amanah | Amanah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 better | nsubj |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 Pharpar | cc |
| 5 | Pharpar | Pharpar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Amanah | conj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 rivers | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 rivers | det |
| 8 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 Amanah | appos |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 Damascus | case |
| 10 | Damascus | Damascus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 rivers | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 rivers | punct |
| 12 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 13 | than | than | ADP | _ | 16 waters | case |
| 14 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 waters | det:predet |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 waters | det |
| 16 | waters | water | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 better | obl |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 Israel | case |
| 18 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 waters | nmod |
| 19 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 12 better | punct |
| 20 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 wash | aux |
| 21 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 wash | nsubj |
| 22 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 23 wash | advmod |
| 23 | wash | wash | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 better | parataxis |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 them | case |
| 25 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 wash | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 clean | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 clean | cc |
| 28 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 29 clean | cop |
| 29 | clean | clean | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 wash | conj |
| 30 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 23 wash | punct |
| 31 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 23 wash | punct |
| 32 | So | so | ADV | _ | 34 turned | advmod |
| 33 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 turned | nsubj |
| 34 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 better | parataxis |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 went | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 went | cc |
| 37 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 turned | conj |
| 38 | away | away | ADV | _ | 37 went | advmod |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 rage | case |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 rage | det |
| 41 | rage | rage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 went | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 better | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- yes/no question
- act
- evaluate
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- indirect
- yes
- teacher
- changed form=q, act=evaluate, polarity=neg, voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not is | present | Amanah and Pharpar | than all waters of Israel; good property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | not wash | may | I | in Amanah | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is | infinitive | I not said here | clean property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | turn | past | Naaman | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | go away | past | Naaman not said here | a rage | away property | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in rage=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
הֲלֹ֡א טוֹב֩ אֲמָנָ֨ה וּפַרְפַּ֜ר נַהֲר֣וֹת דַּמֶּ֗שֶׂק מִכֹּל֙ מֵימֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הֲלֹֽא־אֶרְחַ֥ץ בָּהֶ֖ם וְטָהָ֑רְתִּי וַיִּ֖פֶן וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ בְּחֵמָֽה׃
2 Kings 5:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:141 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.141/