2 Kings 8:9 · JPS 1917
So Hazael went to meet him, and took a present with him, even of every good thing of Damascus, forty camels' burden, and came and stood before him, and said: 'Thy son Ben-hadad king of Aram hath sent me to thee, saying: Shall I recover of this sickness?'
Who acts: Hazael, son, I, forty camels · What happens: go, meet, take, come, stand, say · To what, where: Hazael, present, me, thee · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Kings 8:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hazael, son, I, forty camels), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 went | advmod |
| 2 | Hazael | Hazael | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 went | nsubj |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 meet | mark |
| 5 | meet | meet | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 went | advcl |
| 6 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 meet | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 took | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 took | cc |
| 9 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 present | det |
| 11 | present | present | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 took | obj |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 him | case |
| 13 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 took | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 thing | punct |
| 15 | even | even | ADV | _ | 19 thing | advmod |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 thing | case |
| 17 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 19 thing | det |
| 18 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 thing | amod |
| 19 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 present | nmod |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 Damascus | case |
| 21 | Damascus | Damascus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 thing | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 burden | punct |
| 23 | forty | forty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 24 camels | nummod |
| 24 | camels | camel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 burden | nmod:poss |
| 25 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 24 camels | case |
| 26 | burden | burden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 thing | appos |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 came | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 came | cc |
| 29 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 stood | cc |
| 31 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 32 | before | before | ADP | _ | 33 him | case |
| 33 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 stood | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 said | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 said | cc |
| 36 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 37 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 48 sent | punct |
| 38 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 48 sent | punct |
| 39 | Thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 40 son | nmod:poss |
| 40 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 sent | nsubj |
| 41 | Ben | Ben | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 son | appos |
| 42 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 41 Ben | punct |
| 43 | hadad | hadad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 Ben | flat |
| 44 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 son | appos |
| 45 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 Aram | case |
| 46 | Aram | Aram | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 king | nmod |
| 47 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 48 sent | aux |
| 48 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 36 said | ccomp |
| 49 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 48 sent | obj |
| 50 | to | to | ADP | _ | 51 thee | case |
| 51 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 48 sent | obl |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 saying | punct |
| 53 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 48 sent | advcl |
| 54 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 57 recover | punct |
| 55 | Shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 57 recover | aux |
| 56 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 57 recover | nsubj |
| 57 | recover | recover | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 53 saying | ccomp |
| 58 | of | of | ADP | _ | 60 sickness | case |
| 59 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 60 sickness | det |
| 60 | sickness | sickness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 recover | obl |
| 61 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 57 recover | punct |
| 62 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 48 sent | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=decl, voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | Hazael | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | meet | to-infinitive | Hazael not said here | Hazael | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Co-Agent | ||||
| 3 | take | past | Hazael not said here | a present of every good thing of Damascus | with Hazael | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent present=Theme | |||
| 4 | come | past | Hazael not said here | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | stand | past | Hazael not said here | before Hazael | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before he=Location | ||||
| 6 | say speech: assert | past | Hazael not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 7 | send | present · perfect | Thy son | me | thee | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent i=Theme to thou=Destination | |||
| 8 | say speech: assert | gerund | Thy son not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 9 | recover | shall | I | of this sickness | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 10 | burden | forty camels | nom burden «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ חֲזָאֵל֮ לִקְרָאתוֹ֒ וַיִּקַּ֨ח מִנְחָ֤ה בְיָדוֹ֙ וְכָל־ט֣וּב דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק מַשָּׂ֖א אַרְבָּעִ֣ים גָּמָ֑ל וַיָּבֹא֙ וַיַּעֲמֹ֣ד לְפָנָ֔יו וַיֹּ֗אמֶר בִּנְךָ֨בֶנ־הֲדַ֤דבֶנ־הֲדַ֤ד מֶֽלֶךְ־אֲרָם֙ שְׁלָחַ֤נִי אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הַאֶחְיֶ֖ה מֵחֳלִ֥י זֶֽה׃
2 Kings 8:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:232 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.232/