2 Kings 18:19 · JPS 1917
And Rab-shakeh said unto them: 'Say ye now to Hezekiah: Thus saith the great king, the king of Assyria: What confidence is this wherein thou trustest?
Who acts: Rab, ye, great king, confidence, thou · What happens: say, be, trust · To what, where: Hezekiah, this · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Kings 18:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rab, ye, great king, confidence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 said | cc |
| 2 | Rab | Rab | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 said | nsubj |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 Rab | punct |
| 4 | shakeh | Shakeh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Rab | flat |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 7 them | case |
| 7 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 said | obl |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 Say | punct |
| 9 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 10 Say | punct |
| 10 | Say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 said | ccomp |
| 11 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 10 Say | nsubj |
| 12 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 10 Say | advmod |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 Hezekiah | case |
| 14 | Hezekiah | Hezekiah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Say | obl |
| 15 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 17 saith | punct |
| 16 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 17 saith | advmod |
| 17 | saith | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 Say | ccomp |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 king | det |
| 19 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 king | amod |
| 20 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 saith | nsubj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 king | punct |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 king | det |
| 23 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 king | appos |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 Assyria | case |
| 25 | Assyria | Assyria | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 king | nmod |
| 26 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 30 this | punct |
| 27 | What | what | DET | PronType=Int | 28 confidence | det |
| 28 | confidence | confidence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 this | nsubj |
| 29 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 this | cop |
| 30 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 17 saith | ccomp |
| 31 | wherein | wherein | ADV | PronType=Int | 33 trustest | advmod |
| 32 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 33 trustest | nsubj |
| 33 | trustest | trust | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 confidence | acl:relcl |
| 34 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- wh-question
- act
- ask
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Rab | unto Tartan | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | infinitive | ye | Hezekiah | now | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to hezekiah=Experiencer clause=Topic | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | present | the great king | thus property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | is a | present | what confidence | this | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | trust | present | thou | wherein property | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֲלֵהֶם֙ רַב־שָׁקֵ֔ה אִמְרוּ־נָ֖א אֶל־חִזְקִיָּ֑הוּ כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ הַגָּדוֹל֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר מָ֧ה הַבִּטָּח֛וֹן הַזֶּ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר בָּטָֽחְתָּ׃
2 Kings 18:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:570 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.570/