2 Kings 18:22 · JPS 1917
But if ye say unto me: We trust in the LORD our God; is not that He, whose high places and whose altars Hezekiah hath taken away, and hath said to Judah and to Jerusalem: Ye shall worship before this altar in Jerusalem?
Who acts: ye, We, that, Hezekiah · What happens: say, trust, not be, take away, worship · To what, where: God, high places, Judah · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Kings 18:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, We, that, Hezekiah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 He | cc |
| 2 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 4 say | mark |
| 3 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 4 say | nsubj |
| 4 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 He | advcl |
| 5 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 6 me | case |
| 6 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 say | obl |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 4 say | punct |
| 8 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 trust | nsubj |
| 9 | trust | trust | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 say | ccomp |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 LORD | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 LORD | det |
| 12 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 trust | obl |
| 13 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 God | nmod:poss |
| 14 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 LORD | appos |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 He | punct |
| 16 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 He | cop |
| 17 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 He | advmod |
| 18 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 19 He | nsubj |
| 19 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | root | root |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 taken | punct |
| 21 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 23 places | nmod:poss |
| 22 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 places | amod |
| 23 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 taken | obj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 altars | cc |
| 25 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 26 altars | nmod:poss |
| 26 | altars | altar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 places | conj |
| 27 | Hezekiah | Hezekiah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 taken | nsubj |
| 28 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 taken | aux |
| 29 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 19 He | acl:relcl |
| 30 | away | away | ADV | _ | 29 taken | advmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 said | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 said | cc |
| 33 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 said | aux |
| 34 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 29 taken | conj |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 36 Judah | case |
| 36 | Judah | Judah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 said | obl |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 Jerusalem | cc |
| 38 | to | to | ADP | _ | 39 Jerusalem | case |
| 39 | Jerusalem | Jerusalem | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 Judah | conj |
| 40 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 43 worship | punct |
| 41 | Ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 43 worship | nsubj |
| 42 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 43 worship | aux |
| 43 | worship | worship | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 said | ccomp |
| 44 | before | before | ADP | _ | 46 altar | case |
| 45 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 46 altar | det |
| 46 | altar | altar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 worship | obl |
| 47 | in | in | ADP | _ | 48 Jerusalem | case |
| 48 | Jerusalem | Jerusalem | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 altar | nmod |
| 49 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 19 He | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- yes/no question
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- indirect
- yes
- teacher
- changed act=assert, indirect=1
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert a condition, not said to happen | present | ye | unto me | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | trust | present | We | in the LORD | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | not is a | present | that | God | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | take away | present · perfect | Hezekiah | high places and high places and high places's altars's altars | away property | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme | |||
| 5 | say speech: assert | present · perfect | Hezekiah not said here | Judah and Jerusalem | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to judah=Experiencer clause=Topic | ||||
| 6 | worship | shall | Ye | before this altar in Jerusalem | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְכִי־תֹאמְר֣וּן אֵלַ֔י אֶל־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ בָּטָ֑חְנוּ הֲלוֹא־ה֗וּא אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֵסִ֤יר חִזְקִיָּ֙הוּ֙ אֶת־בָּמֹתָ֣יו וְאֶת־מִזְבְּחֹתָ֔יו וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לִֽיהוּדָה֙ וְלִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם לִפְנֵי֙ הַמִּזְבֵּ֣חַ הַזֶּ֔ה תִּֽשְׁתַּחֲו֖וּ בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃
2 Kings 18:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:574 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.574/