2 Kings 19:9 · JPS 1917
And when he heard say of Tirhakah king of Ethiopia: 'Behold, he is come out to fight against thee'; he sent messengers again unto Hezekiah, saying:
Who acts: king · What happens: hear, say, come out, fight, send · To what, where: messengers · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Kings 19:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 sent | cc |
| 2 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 4 heard | mark |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 heard | nsubj |
| 4 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 sent | advcl |
| 5 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 heard | ccomp |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 king | case |
| 7 | Tirhakah | Tirhakah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 king | compound |
| 8 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 say | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 Ethiopia | case |
| 10 | Ethiopia | Ethiopia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 king | nmod |
| 11 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 17 come | punct |
| 12 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 17 come | punct |
| 13 | Behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 17 come | discourse |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 Behold | punct |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 come | nsubj |
| 16 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 come | aux |
| 17 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 say | ccomp |
| 18 | out | out | ADV | _ | 17 come | advmod |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 fight | mark |
| 20 | fight | fight | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 come | advcl |
| 21 | against | against | ADP | _ | 22 thee | case |
| 22 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 20 fight | obl |
| 23 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 17 come | punct |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 sent | punct |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 sent | nsubj |
| 26 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 27 | messengers | messenger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 sent | obj |
| 28 | again | again | ADV | _ | 26 sent | advmod |
| 29 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 30 Hezekiah | case |
| 30 | Hezekiah | Hezekiah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 sent | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 saying | punct |
| 32 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 26 sent | advcl |
| 33 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 26 sent | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | king | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | infinitive | of Tirhakah king of Ethiopia | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | come out | present · passive | king | out property | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 4 | fight | to-infinitive | king not said here | against thee | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | send | past | king | messengers | again | unto Hezekiah | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent messenger=Theme | ||
| 6 | say speech: assert | gerund | king not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּשְׁמַ֗ע אֶל־תִּרְהָ֤קָה מֶֽלֶך־כּוּשׁ֙לֵאמֹ֔ר הִנֵּ֥ה יָצָ֖א לְהִלָּחֵ֣ם אִתָּ֑ךְ וַיָּ֙שָׁב֙ וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח מַלְאָכִ֔ים אֶל־חִזְקִיָּ֖הוּ לֵאמֹֽר׃
2 Kings 19:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:599 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.599/