2 Kings 19:23 · JPS 1917
By the messengers thou hast taunted the Lord, and hast said: With the multitude of my chariots am I come up to the height of the mountains, to the innermost parts of Lebanon; and I have cut down the tall cedars thereof, and the choice cypresses thereof; and I have entered into his farthest lodge, the forest of his fruitful field.
Who acts: thou, I · What happens: taunt, say, come up, cut down, enter · To what, where: Lord, height, tall cedars, farthest lodge · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Kings 19:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | 3 messengers | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 messengers | det |
| 3 | messengers | messenger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 taunted | obl |
| 4 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 6 taunted | nsubj |
| 5 | hast | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 taunted | aux |
| 6 | taunted | taunt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Lord | det |
| 8 | Lord | Lord | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 taunted | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 said | cc |
| 11 | hast | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 said | aux |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 taunted | conj |
| 13 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 22 come | punct |
| 14 | With | with | ADP | _ | 16 multitude | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 multitude | det |
| 16 | multitude | multitude | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 come | obl |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 chariots | case |
| 18 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 chariots | nmod:poss |
| 19 | chariots | chariot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 multitude | nmod |
| 20 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 come | aux |
| 21 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 come | nsubj |
| 22 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 12 said | ccomp |
| 23 | up | up | ADV | _ | 22 come | advmod |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 height | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 height | det |
| 26 | height | height | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 come | obl |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 mountains | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 mountains | det |
| 29 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 height | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 parts | punct |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 34 parts | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 parts | det |
| 33 | innermost | innermost | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 parts | amod |
| 34 | parts | part | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 come | obl |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 Lebanon | case |
| 36 | Lebanon | Lebanon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 parts | nmod |
| 37 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 41 cut | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 cut | cc |
| 39 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 41 cut | nsubj |
| 40 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 cut | aux |
| 41 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 taunted | conj |
| 42 | down | down | ADP | _ | 41 cut | compound:prt |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 cedars | det |
| 44 | tall | tall | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 cedars | amod |
| 45 | cedars | cedar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 cut | obj |
| 46 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 45 cedars | advmod |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 cypresses | punct |
| 48 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 cypresses | cc |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 51 cypresses | det |
| 50 | choice | choice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 cypresses | amod |
| 51 | cypresses | cypress | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 cedars | conj |
| 52 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 51 cypresses | advmod |
| 53 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 57 entered | punct |
| 54 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 57 entered | cc |
| 55 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 57 entered | nsubj |
| 56 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 57 entered | aux |
| 57 | entered | enter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 taunted | conj |
| 58 | into | into | ADP | _ | 61 lodge | case |
| 59 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 61 lodge | nmod:poss |
| 60 | farthest | far | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 61 lodge | amod |
| 61 | lodge | lodge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 entered | obl |
| 62 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 64 forest | punct |
| 63 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 64 forest | det |
| 64 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 61 lodge | appos |
| 65 | of | of | ADP | _ | 68 field | case |
| 66 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 68 field | nmod:poss |
| 67 | fruitful | fruitful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 68 field | amod |
| 68 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 forest | nmod |
| 69 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 taunted | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none, voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | taunt | present · perfect | thou | the Lord | by the messengers | vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lord=Patient | |||
| 2 | say speech: assert | present · perfect | thou not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | come up | present · passive | I | the height of the mountains | with the multitude of my chariots; to the innermost parts of Lebanon | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme to height=Initial_Location to part=Destination | |||
| 4 | cut down | present · perfect | I | the tall cedars and the choice cypresses | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cedar=Product | ||||
| 5 | enter | present · perfect | I | LORD's farthest lodge | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into lodge=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
בְּיַ֣ד מַלְאָכֶיךָ֮ חֵרַ֣פְתָּ ׀ אֲדֹנָי֒ וַתֹּ֗אמֶר בְּרֹ֥ב רִכְבִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י עָלִ֛יתִי מְר֥וֹם הָרִ֖ים יַרְכְּתֵ֣י לְבָנ֑וֹן וְאֶכְרֹ֞ת קוֹמַ֤ת אֲרָזָיו֙ מִבְח֣וֹר בְּרֹשָׁ֔יו וְאָב֙וֹאָה֙ מְל֣וֹן קִצֹּ֔היַ֖עַר כַּרְמִלּֽוֹ׃
2 Kings 19:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:614 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.614/