2 Kings 19:25 · JPS 1917

Hast thou not heard? long ago I made it, in ancient times I fashioned it; now have I brought it to pass, yea, it is done; that fortified cities should be laid waste into ruinous heaps.

Who acts: thou, I · What happens: not hear, make, fashion, bring, pass, do · To what, where: sole, fortified cities, ruinous heaps

This is 2 Kings 19:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hast	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 heard	aux
2	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	4 heard	nsubj
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 heard	advmod
4	heard	hear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 heard	punct
6	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	7 ago	advmod
7	ago	ago	ADV	_	9 made	advmod
8	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 made	nsubj
9	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 heard	parataxis
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 made	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 fashioned	punct
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 times	case
13	ancient	ancient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 times	amod
14	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 fashioned	obl
15	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 fashioned	nsubj
16	fashioned	fashion	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 made	parataxis
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 fashioned	obj
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	22 brought	punct
19	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	22 brought	advmod
20	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 brought	aux
21	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	22 brought	nsubj
22	brought	bring	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 heard	parataxis
23	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 brought	obj
24	to	to	PART	_	25 pass	mark
25	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 brought	xcomp
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 done	punct
27	yea	yea	INTJ	_	31 done	discourse
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 yea	punct
29	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 done	nsubj:pass
30	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 done	aux:pass
31	done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	22 brought	parataxis
32	;	;	PUNCT	_	38 laid	punct
33	that	that	SCONJ	_	38 laid	mark
34	fortified	fortify	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	35 cities	amod
35	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	38 laid	nsubj:pass
36	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	38 laid	aux
37	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	38 laid	aux:pass
38	laid	lay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 heard	parataxis
39	waste	waste	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 laid	obj
40	into	into	ADP	_	42 heaps	case
41	ruinous	ruinous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	42 heaps	amod
42	heaps	heap	NOUN	Number=Plur	38 laid	obl
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 heard	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed polarity=none

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not hear	present · perfect	thou					vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer
2	make	past	I	sole			ago property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Product
3	fashion	past	I	sole		time		vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Product
4	bring	present · perfect	I	sole		now		tree rules
5	pass	to-infinitive	I not said here					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	do	present · passive		sole				vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
7	fortify	participle						vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme
8	lay	should · passive		fortified cities	ruinous heaps			vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme waste=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

הֲלֹֽא־שָׁמַ֤עְתָּ לְמֵֽרָחוֹק֙ אֹתָ֣הּ עָשִׂ֔יתִי לְמִ֥ימֵי קֶ֖דֶם וִֽיצַרְתִּ֑יהָ עַתָּ֣ה הֲבֵיאתִ֗יהָ וּתְהִ֗י לַהְשׁ֛וֹת גַּלִּ֥ים נִצִּ֖ים עָרִ֥ים בְּצֻרֽוֹת׃

2 Kings 19:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:616 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.616/