2 Samuel 8:2 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2
And he smote Moab, and measured them with the line, making them to lie down on the ground; and he measured two lines to put to death, and one full line to keep alive.
Who acts: David, Philistines · What happens: smite, measure, make, lie down, put, keep · To what, where: Moab, Philistines, ground, two lines, one full line
This is 2 Samuel 8:2 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, Philistines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 smote | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 smote | nsubj |
| 3 | smote | smite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | Moab | Moab | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 smote | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 measured | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 measured | cc |
| 7 | measured | measure | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 smote | conj |
| 8 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 measured | obj |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 line | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 line | det |
| 11 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 measured | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 making | punct |
| 13 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 measured | advcl |
| 14 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 making | obj |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 lie | mark |
| 16 | lie | lie | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 making | xcomp |
| 17 | down | down | ADP | _ | 16 lie | compound:prt |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 ground | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 ground | det |
| 20 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 lie | obl |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 measured | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 measured | cc |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 measured | nsubj |
| 24 | measured | measure | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 smote | conj |
| 25 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 26 lines | nummod |
| 26 | lines | line | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 measured | obj |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 put | mark |
| 28 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 lines | acl |
| 29 | to | to | ADP | _ | 30 death | case |
| 30 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 put | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 line | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 line | cc |
| 33 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 35 line | nummod |
| 34 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 line | amod |
| 35 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 lines | conj |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 keep | mark |
| 37 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 line | acl |
| 38 | alive | alive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 keep | xcomp |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 smote | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | smite | past | David | Moab | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus moab=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | measure | past | David not said here | Philistines | with the line | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme they=Value | |||
| 3 | make | gerund | David not said here | Philistines | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | lie down | to-infinitive | Philistines not said here | the ground | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on ground=Location | ||||
| 5 | measure | past | David | two lines and one full line | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme line=Value | ||||
| 6 | put | to-infinitive | David not said here | two lines and one full line not said here | to death | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | |||
| 7 | keep | to-infinitive | David not said here | one full line not said here | alive property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיַּ֣ךְ אֶת־מוֹאָ֗ב וַֽיְמַדְּדֵ֤ם בַּחֶ֙בֶל֙ הַשְׁכֵּ֣ב אוֹתָ֣ם אַ֔רְצָה וַיְמַדֵּ֤ד שְׁנֵֽי־חֲבָלִים֙ לְהָמִ֔ית וּמְלֹ֥א הַחֶ֖בֶל לְהַחֲי֑וֹת וַתְּהִ֤י מוֹאָב֙ לְדָוִ֔ד לַעֲבָדִ֖ים נֹשְׂאֵ֥י מִנְחָֽה׃
2 Samuel 8:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- And he smote Moab, and measured them with the line, making them to lie down on the ground; and he measured two lines to put to death, and one full line to keep alive.
- And the Moabites became servants to David, and brought presents.
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:209 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.209/