2 Samuel 8:2 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: David, Philistines, Moabites · What happens: smite, measure, make, lie down, put, keep · To what, where: Moab, Philistines, ground, two lines, one full line, servants

This is 2 Samuel 8:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, Philistines, Moabites — and what happens in the verse to Moab, Philistines, ground, two lines, one full line, servants, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּ֣ךְ אֶת־מוֹאָ֗ב וַֽיְמַדְּדֵ֤ם בַּחֶ֙בֶל֙ הַשְׁכֵּ֣ב אוֹתָ֣ם אַ֔רְצָה וַיְמַדֵּ֤ד שְׁנֵֽי־חֲבָלִים֙ לְהָמִ֔ית וּמְלֹ֥א הַחֶ֖בֶל לְהַחֲי֑וֹת וַתְּהִ֤י מוֹאָב֙ לְדָוִ֔ד לַעֲבָדִ֖ים נֹשְׂאֵ֥י מִנְחָֽה׃

And he smote Moab, and measured them with the line, making them to lie down on the ground; and he measured two lines to put to death, and one full line to keep alive. And the Moabites became servants to David, and brought presents.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּ֣ךְ	cc	and
2	יַּ֣ךְ	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he defeated
3	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	4 מוֹאָ֗ב	case	(et)
4	מוֹאָ֗ב	מוֹאָב	PROPN	_	2 יַּ֣ךְ	obj	Moab
5	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 יְמַדְּד	cc	and
6	יְמַדְּד	מָדַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּ֣ךְ	conj	he
7	ֵ֤ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 יְמַדְּד	obj	measured them off
8	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	10 חֶ֙בֶל֙	case	with
9	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 חֶ֙בֶל֙	det	(the)
10	חֶ֙בֶל֙	חֶבֶל	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 יְמַדְּד	obl	measuring-line
11	הַשְׁכֵּ֣ב	שָׁכַב	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	2 יַּ֣ךְ	parataxis	he made lie down
12	אוֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	13 ָ֣ם	case
13	ָ֣ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 הַשְׁכֵּ֣ב	obj	them
14	אַ֔רְצ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 הַשְׁכֵּ֣ב	obl	ground
15	ָה	ה	X	_	14 אַ֔רְצ	nmod	to [the]
16	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 יְמַדֵּ֤ד	cc	and
17	יְמַדֵּ֤ד	מָדַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּ֣ךְ	conj	he measured off
18	שְׁנֵֽי־	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	19 חֲבָלִים֙	nummod	two
19	חֲבָלִים֙	חֶבֶל	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 יְמַדֵּ֤ד	obj	measuring-lines
20	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	21 הָמִ֔ית	case	to
21	הָמִ֔ית	מוּת	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	17 יְמַדֵּ֤ד	advcl	put to death
22	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 מְלֹ֥א	cc	and
23	מְלֹ֥א	מְלֹא	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 יְמַדֵּ֤ד	conj	the fullness
24	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	25 חֶ֖בֶל	det	of (the)
25	חֶ֖בֶל	חֶבֶל	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 מְלֹ֥א	compound:smixut	measuring-line
26	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	27 הַחֲי֑וֹת	case	to
27	הַחֲי֑וֹת	חָיָה	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	23 מְלֹ֥א	advcl	let live
28	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 תְּהִ֤י	cc	and
29	תְּהִ֤י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּ֣ךְ	conj	it became
30	מוֹאָב֙	מוֹאָב	PROPN	_	29 תְּהִ֤י	nsubj	Moab
31	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	32 דָוִ֔ד	case	of
32	דָוִ֔ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	29 תְּהִ֤י	obl	David
33	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	34 עֲבָדִ֖ים	case	(into)
34	עֲבָדִ֖ים	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	29 תְּהִ֤י	obl	subjects
35	נֹשְׂאֵ֥י	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	34 עֲבָדִ֖ים	appos	[who were] bringing
36	מִנְחָֽה	מִנְחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	35 נֹשְׂאֵ֥י	compound:smixut	(of) tribute
37	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	36 מִנְחָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יַּךְ he defeated	wayyiqtol · hiphil	מוֹאָב Moab
יְמַדְּד he	wayyiqtol · piel		ֵם measured them off
הַשְׁכֵּב he made lie down	infinitive absolute · hiphil	ָם them
יְמַדֵּד he measured off	wayyiqtol · piel		חֲבָלִים measuring-lines
הָמִית put to death	infinitive construct · hiphil
הַחֲיוֹת let live	infinitive construct · hiphil
תְּהִי it became	wayyiqtol · qal	מוֹאָב Moab
נֹשְׂאֵי [who were] bringing	participle active · qal	עֲבָדִים subjects	מִנְחָֽה (of) tribute

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּמְחָא יַת מוֹאֲבָאֵי וּמְשַׁח לְהוֹן בְּעַדְבָא רָמֵי יַתְהוֹן לְאַרְעָא וּמְשַׁח תְּרֵין חַבְלִין לְמִקְטַל וּמְלֵי חַבְלָא לַאֲחָאָה וַהֲווֹ מוֹאָבָא לְדָוִד לְעַבְדִין נַטְלֵי פְרָס:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:188.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.8.2/