2 Samuel 1:19 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2
How are the mighty fallen!
What happens: fall · To what, where: mighty
This is 2 Samuel 1:19 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 fallen | advmod |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 fallen | aux:pass |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 mighty | det |
| 4 | mighty | mighty | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 fallen | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | fallen | fall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 5 fallen | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- exclamation
- act
- express
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- pos
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | present · passive | the mighty | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: subject=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
הַצְּבִי֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עַל־בָּמוֹתֶ֖יךָ חָלָ֑ל אֵ֖יךְ נָפְל֥וּ גִבּוֹרִֽים׃
2 Samuel 1:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- Thy beauty, O Israel, upon thy high places is slain!
- How are the mighty fallen!
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:23 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.23/