2 Samuel 1:21 · JPS 1917
Ye mountains of Gilboa, let there be no dew nor rain upon you, neither fields of choice fruits; for there the shield of the mighty was vilely cast away, the shield of Saul, not anointed with oil.
Who acts: you · What happens: let, cast away, not anoint · To what, where: shield
This is 2 Samuel 1:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ye | ye | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 2 mountains | det |
| 2 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 let | vocative |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 Gilboa | case |
| 4 | Gilboa | Gilboa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 mountains | nmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 mountains | punct |
| 6 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 8 be | expl |
| 8 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 let | xcomp |
| 9 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 10 dew | det |
| 10 | dew | dew | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 be | nsubj |
| 11 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 12 rain | cc |
| 12 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 dew | conj |
| 13 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 14 you | case |
| 14 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 10 dew | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 fields | punct |
| 16 | neither | neither | DET | PronType=Neg | 17 fields | det |
| 17 | fields | field | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 dew | conj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 fruits | case |
| 19 | choice | choice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 fruits | compound |
| 20 | fruits | fruit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 fields | nmod |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 cast | punct |
| 22 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 31 cast | mark |
| 23 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 31 cast | advmod |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 shield | det |
| 25 | shield | shield | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 cast | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 mighty | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 mighty | det |
| 28 | mighty | mighty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 shield | nmod |
| 29 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 cast | aux:pass |
| 30 | vilely | vilely | ADV | _ | 31 cast | advmod |
| 31 | cast | cast | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 let | parataxis |
| 32 | away | away | ADV | _ | 31 cast | advmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 shield | punct |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 shield | det |
| 35 | shield | shield | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 shield | conj |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 Saul | case |
| 37 | Saul | Saul | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 shield | nmod |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 anointed | punct |
| 39 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 40 anointed | advmod |
| 40 | anointed | anoint | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 shield | acl |
| 41 | with | with | ADP | _ | 42 oil | case |
| 42 | oil | oil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 anointed | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 let | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | let | imperative | you not said here | ye mountains of Gilboa vocative | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | cast away | past · passive | the shield of the mighty and the shield of Saul | there | away, vilely property | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Product | |||
| 3 | not anoint | participle | the shield of Saul not said here | with oil | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with oil=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
הָרֵ֣י בַגִּלְבֹּ֗עַ אַל־טַ֧ל וְאַל־מָטָ֛ר עֲלֵיכֶ֖ם וּשְׂדֵ֣י תְרוּמֹ֑ת כִּ֣י שָׁ֤ם נִגְעַל֙ מָגֵ֣ן גִּבּוֹרִ֔ים מָגֵ֣ן שָׁא֔וּל בְּלִ֖י מָשִׁ֥יחַ בַּשָּֽׁמֶן׃
2 Samuel 1:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:25 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.25/