2 Samuel 14:15 · JPS 1917
Now therefore seeing that I am come to speak this word unto my lord the king, it is because the people have made me afraid; and thy handmaid said: I will now speak unto the king; it may be that the king will perform the request of his servant.
Who acts: I, people, handmaid, king · What happens: see, come, speak, make, say, perform · To what, where: word, me, request, servant · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Samuel 14:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, people, handmaid, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 seeing | advmod |
| 2 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 3 seeing | advmod |
| 3 | seeing | see | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 is | advcl |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 come | mark |
| 5 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 come | nsubj |
| 6 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 come | aux |
| 7 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 seeing | ccomp |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 speak | mark |
| 9 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 come | advcl |
| 10 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 11 word | det |
| 11 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 speak | obj |
| 12 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 14 lord | case |
| 13 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 lord | nmod:poss |
| 14 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 speak | obl |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 king | det |
| 16 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 lord | appos |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 is | punct |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 is | nsubj |
| 19 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 20 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 24 made | mark |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 people | det |
| 22 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 made | nsubj |
| 23 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 made | aux |
| 24 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 19 is | advcl |
| 25 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 made | obj |
| 26 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 made | xcomp |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 said | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 said | cc |
| 29 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 30 handmaid | nmod:poss |
| 30 | handmaid | handmaid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 said | nsubj |
| 31 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 is | conj |
| 32 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 36 speak | punct |
| 33 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 36 speak | nsubj |
| 34 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 speak | aux |
| 35 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 36 speak | advmod |
| 36 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 said | ccomp |
| 37 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 39 king | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 king | det |
| 39 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 speak | obl |
| 40 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 43 be | punct |
| 41 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 be | expl |
| 42 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 43 be | aux |
| 43 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 36 speak | parataxis |
| 44 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 48 perform | mark |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 king | det |
| 46 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 perform | nsubj |
| 47 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 48 perform | aux |
| 48 | perform | perform | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 43 be | ccomp |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 request | det |
| 50 | request | request | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 perform | obj |
| 51 | of | of | ADP | _ | 53 servant | case |
| 52 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 53 servant | nmod:poss |
| 53 | servant | servant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 request | nmod |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 is | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | gerund | now | therefore property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | come | present · passive | I | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | speak speech: other | to-infinitive | I not said here | this word | unto my lord | tree rules | |||
| 4 | make | present · perfect | the people | me | afraid property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Product | |||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past | thy handmaid | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | speak speech: other | future | I | now | unto the king | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 7 | perform | future | the king | the request of king's servant | vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent request=Theme | ||||
| 8 | request | king's servant | nom request «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְ֠עַתָּה אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֜אתִי לְדַבֵּ֨ר אֶל־הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ אֲדֹנִי֙ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה כִּ֥י יֵֽרְאֻ֖נִי הָעָ֑ם וַתֹּ֤אמֶר שִׁפְחָֽתְךָ֙ אֲדַבְּרָה־נָּ֣א אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אוּלַ֛י יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֶת־דְּבַ֥ר אֲמָתֽוֹ׃
2 Samuel 14:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:399 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.399/