2 Samuel 18:5 · JPS 1917
And the king commanded Joab and Abishai and Ittai, saying: 'Deal gently for my sake with the young man, even with Absalom.' And all the people heard when the king gave all the captains charge concerning Absalom.
Who acts: king, people · What happens: command, say, deal, hear, give · To what, where: Joab, captains charge · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Samuel 18:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 commanded | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 king | det |
| 3 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 commanded | nsubj |
| 4 | commanded | command | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | Joab | Joab | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 commanded | obj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 Abishai | cc |
| 7 | Abishai | Abishai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Joab | conj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 Ittai | cc |
| 9 | Ittai | Ittai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Joab | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 saying | punct |
| 11 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 commanded | advcl |
| 12 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 14 Deal | punct |
| 13 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 14 Deal | punct |
| 14 | Deal | deal | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 saying | ccomp |
| 15 | gently | gently | ADV | _ | 14 Deal | advmod |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 18 sake | case |
| 17 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 sake | nmod:poss |
| 18 | sake | sake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 Deal | obl |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 22 man | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 man | det |
| 21 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 man | amod |
| 22 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 Deal | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 Absalom | punct |
| 24 | even | even | ADV | _ | 26 Absalom | advmod |
| 25 | with | with | ADP | _ | 26 Absalom | case |
| 26 | Absalom | Absalom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Deal | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 Deal | punct |
| 28 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 14 Deal | punct |
| 29 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 heard | cc |
| 30 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 32 people | det:predet |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 people | det |
| 32 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 heard | nsubj |
| 33 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 commanded | conj |
| 34 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 37 gave | mark |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 king | det |
| 36 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 gave | nsubj |
| 37 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 heard | advcl |
| 38 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 41 charge | det:predet |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 charge | det |
| 40 | captains | captain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 charge | compound |
| 41 | charge | charge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 gave | obj |
| 42 | concerning | concern | ADP | _ | 43 Absalom | case |
| 43 | Absalom | Absalom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 charge | nmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 commanded | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=decl, act=narrate
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | command | past | the king | Joab and Abishai and Ittai | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent joab=Theme | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | gerund | the king not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | deal | infinitive | for my sake; with the young man; with Absalom; gently property | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with man=Theme | |||||
| 4 | hear | past | all people | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | give | past | the king | all captains charge | concern Absalom | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent charge=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיְצַ֣ו הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ אֶת־י֠וֹאָב וְאֶת־אֲבִישַׁ֤י וְאֶת־אִתַּי֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לְאַט־לִ֖י לַנַּ֣עַר לְאַבְשָׁל֑וֹם וְכָל־הָעָ֣ם שָׁמְע֗וּ בְּצַוֺּ֥ת הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ אֶת־כָּל־הַשָּׂרִ֖ים עַל־דְּבַ֥ר אַבְשָׁלֽוֹם׃
2 Samuel 18:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:516 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.516/