2 Samuel 2:27 · JPS 1917
And Joab said: 'As God liveth, if thou hadst not spoken, surely then only after the morning the people had gone away, every one from following his brother.'
Who acts: Joab, God, thou, people, one · What happens: say, live, not speak, go away, follow · To what, where: one, brother · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Samuel 2:27 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joab, God, thou, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 said | cc |
| 2 | Joab | Joab | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| 5 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 25 gone | punct |
| 6 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 8 liveth | mark |
| 7 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 liveth | nsubj |
| 8 | liveth | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 gone | advcl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 spoken | punct |
| 10 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 14 spoken | mark |
| 11 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 14 spoken | nsubj |
| 12 | hadst | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 spoken | aux |
| 13 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 spoken | advmod |
| 14 | spoken | speak | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 25 gone | advcl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 gone | punct |
| 16 | surely | surely | ADV | _ | 25 gone | advmod |
| 17 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 25 gone | advmod |
| 18 | only | only | ADV | _ | 21 morning | advmod |
| 19 | after | after | ADP | _ | 21 morning | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 morning | det |
| 21 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 gone | obl |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 people | det |
| 23 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 gone | nsubj |
| 24 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 gone | aux |
| 25 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 said | ccomp |
| 26 | away | away | ADV | _ | 25 gone | advmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 one | punct |
| 28 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 29 one | det |
| 29 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 gone | obl:unmarked |
| 30 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 31 following | mark |
| 31 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 29 one | acl |
| 32 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 brother | nmod:poss |
| 33 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 following | obj |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| 35 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert, polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Joab | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | live | present | God | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | not speak speech: other a condition, not said to happen | past · perfect | thou | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | go away | past · perfect | the people | every one | then; morning | away, surely property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||
| 5 | follow | gerund | every one not said here | God's brother | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brother=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יוֹאָ֔ב חַ֚י הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים כִּ֥י לוּלֵ֖א דִּבַּ֑רְתָּ כִּ֣י אָ֤ז מֵֽהַבֹּ֙קֶר֙ נַעֲלָ֣ה הָעָ֔ם אִ֖ישׁ מֵאַחֲרֵ֥י אָחִֽיו׃
2 Samuel 2:27: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:61 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.61/