2 Samuel 20:8 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2
And Joab was girded with his apparel of war that he had put on, and thereon was a girdle with a sword fastened upon his loins in the sheath thereof; and as he went forth it fell out.
Who acts: Joab, girdle · What happens: gird, put on, be, fasten, go, fall out · To what, where: Joab, apparel, sword, sheath
This is 2 Samuel 20:8 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joab, girdle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 girded | cc |
| 2 | Joab | Joab | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 girded | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 girded | aux:pass |
| 4 | girded | gird | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 apparel | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 apparel | nmod:poss |
| 7 | apparel | apparel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 girded | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 war | case |
| 9 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 apparel | nmod |
| 10 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 put | obj |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 put | nsubj |
| 12 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 put | aux |
| 13 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 apparel | acl:relcl |
| 14 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 put | compound:prt |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 was | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 was | cc |
| 17 | thereon | thereon | PRON | PronType=Dem | 18 was | advmod |
| 18 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 girded | conj |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 girdle | det |
| 20 | girdle | girdle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 was | nsubj |
| 21 | with | with | ADP | _ | 23 sword | case |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 sword | det |
| 23 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 girdle | nmod |
| 24 | fastened | fasten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 sword | acl |
| 25 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 27 loins | case |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 loins | nmod:poss |
| 27 | loins | loin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 fastened | obl |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 sheath | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 sheath | det |
| 30 | sheath | sheath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 fastened | obl |
| 31 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 30 sheath | advmod |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 39 fell | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 fell | cc |
| 34 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 36 went | mark |
| 35 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 went | nsubj |
| 36 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 fell | advcl |
| 37 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 36 went | advmod |
| 38 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 fell | nsubj |
| 39 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 girded | conj |
| 40 | out | out | ADP | _ | 39 fell | compound:prt |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 girded | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | gird | past · passive | Joab | with Joab's apparel of war | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | put on | past · perfect | Joab | Joab's apparel of war | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent that=Goal | ||||
| 3 | be | past | a girdle with a sword | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | fasten | participle | a sword not said here | the sheath | upon Joab's loins | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | |||
| 5 | go | past | Joab | forth property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | fall out | past | girdle | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
הֵ֗ם עִם־הָאֶ֤בֶן הַגְּדוֹלָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּגִבְע֔וֹן וַעֲמָשָׂ֖א בָּ֣א לִפְנֵיהֶ֑ם וְיוֹאָ֞ב חָג֣וּר ׀ מִדּ֣וֹ לְבֻשׁוּ֗ וְעָלָ֞יו חֲג֥וֹר חֶ֙רֶב֙ מְצֻמֶּ֤דֶת עַל־מָתְנָיו֙ בְּתַעְרָ֔הּ וְה֥וּא יָצָ֖א וַתִּפֹּֽל׃ס
2 Samuel 20:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- When they were at the great stone which is in Gibeon, Amasa came to meet them.
- And Joab was girded with his apparel of war that he had put on, and thereon was a girdle with a sword fastened upon his loins in the sheath thereof; and as he went forth it fell out.
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:610 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.610/