2 Samuel 23:17 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2
And he said: 'Be it far from me, O LORD, that I should do this; shall I drink the blood of the men that went in jeopardy of their lives?' therefore he would not drink it.
Who acts: David, water, I, men · What happens: say, be, do, drink, go, not drink · To what, where: this, blood, jeopardy, water · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Samuel 23:17 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, water, I, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 said | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 far | punct |
| 5 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 8 far | punct |
| 6 | Be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 8 far | cop |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 far | nsubj |
| 8 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 3 said | ccomp |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 me | case |
| 10 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 far | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 LORD | punct |
| 12 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 13 LORD | discourse |
| 13 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 far | vocative |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 do | punct |
| 15 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 18 do | mark |
| 16 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 do | nsubj |
| 17 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 do | aux |
| 18 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 far | advcl |
| 19 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 18 do | obj |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 drink | punct |
| 21 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 drink | aux |
| 22 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 drink | nsubj |
| 23 | drink | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 said | ccomp |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 blood | det |
| 25 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 drink | obj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 men | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 men | det |
| 28 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 blood | nmod |
| 29 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 went | nsubj |
| 30 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 men | acl:relcl |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 jeopardy | case |
| 32 | jeopardy | jeopardy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 went | obl |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 lives | case |
| 34 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 lives | nmod:poss |
| 35 | lives | life | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 jeopardy | nmod |
| 36 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| 37 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| 38 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 42 drink | advmod |
| 39 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 drink | nsubj |
| 40 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 42 drink | aux |
| 41 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 42 drink | advmod |
| 42 | drink | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 said | parataxis |
| 43 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 drink | obj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- yes/no question
- act
- evaluate
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=evaluate
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | David | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | is | infinitive | water | from me; LORD vocative; far property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | do | should | I | this | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | drink | shall | I | the blood of the men | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blood=Patient | ||||
| 5 | go | past | the men | jeopardy of Philistines's lives | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in jeopardy=Location | ||||
| 6 | not drink | would | David | water | therefore property | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּ֡אמֶר חָלִילָה֩ לִּ֨י יְהוָ֜ה מֵעֲשֹׂ֣תִי זֹ֗את הֲדַ֤ם הָֽאֲנָשִׁים֙ הַהֹלְכִ֣ים בְּנַפְשׁוֹתָ֔ם וְלֹ֥א אָבָ֖ה לִשְׁתּוֹתָ֑ם אֵ֣לֶּה עָשׂ֔וּ שְׁלֹ֖שֶׁת הַגִּבֹּרִֽים׃ס
2 Samuel 23:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- And he said: 'Be it far from me, O LORD, that I should do this; shall I drink the blood of the men that went in jeopardy of their lives?' therefore he would not drink it.
- These things did the three mighty men.
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:728 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.728/