2 Samuel 23:17 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: David, water, I, men, things · What happens: say, be, do, drink, go, not drink · To what, where: this, blood, jeopardy, water, three mighty men · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 23:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, water, I, men, things — and what happens in the verse to this, blood, jeopardy, water, three mighty men, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֡אמֶר חָלִילָה֩ לִּ֨י יְהוָ֜ה מֵעֲשֹׂ֣תִי זֹ֗את הֲדַ֤ם הָֽאֲנָשִׁים֙ הַהֹלְכִ֣ים בְּנַפְשׁוֹתָ֔ם וְלֹ֥א אָבָ֖ה לִשְׁתּוֹתָ֑ם אֵ֣לֶּה עָשׂ֔וּ שְׁלֹ֖שֶׁת הַגִּבֹּרִֽים׃ס

And he said: 'Be it far from me, O LORD, that I should do this; shall I drink the blood of the men that went in jeopardy of their lives?' therefore he would not drink it. These things did the three mighty men.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֡אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֡אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	חָלִיל	חָלִילָה	INTJ	_	4 ָה֩	discourse	far
4	ָה֩	ה	X	_	7 יְהוָ֜ה	parataxis	be it
5	לּ	לְ	ADP	_	6 ִ֨י	case	to
6	ִ֨י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 ָה֩	obl	me
7	יְהוָ֜ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֡אמֶר	ccomp	O Yahweh
8	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	9 עֲשֹׂ֣ת	case	from
9	עֲשֹׂ֣ת	עָשָׂה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	4 ָה֩	advcl	doing
10	ִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 עֲשֹׂ֣ת	nsubj	my
11	זֹ֗את	זֹאת	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 עֲשֹׂ֣ת	obj	this [thing]
12	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	13 דַ֤ם	advmod	the
13	דַ֤ם	דָּם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 יְהוָ֜ה	parataxis	blood?
14	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 אֲנָשִׁים֙	det	of
15	אֲנָשִׁים֙	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	13 דַ֤ם	compound:smixut	the men
16	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	17 הֹלְכִ֣ים	mark	[who]
17	הֹלְכִ֣ים	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	15 אֲנָשִׁים֙	acl:relcl	went
18	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	19 נַפְשׁוֹת	case	with
19	נַפְשׁוֹת	נֶפֶשׁ	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 הֹלְכִ֣ים	obl	lives
20	ָ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 נַפְשׁוֹת	nmod:poss	their
21	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 אָבָ֖ה	cc	and
22	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	23 אָבָ֖ה	advmod	not
23	אָבָ֖ה	אָבָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֡אמֶר	conj	he was willing
24	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	25 שְׁתּוֹת	case	to
25	שְׁתּוֹת	שָׁתָה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	23 אָבָ֖ה	xcomp	drink
26	ָ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 שְׁתּוֹת	obj	them
27	אֵ֣לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	28 עָשׂ֔וּ	obj	these [things]
28	עָשׂ֔וּ	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֹּ֡אמֶר	parataxis	they did
29	שְׁלֹ֖שֶׁת	שָׁלֹשׁ	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	31 גִּבֹּרִֽים	nummod	the three
30	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	31 גִּבֹּרִֽים	det	the
31	גִּבֹּרִֽים	גִּבּוֹר	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	28 עָשׂ֔וּ	nsubj	warriors
32	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	31 גִּבֹּרִֽים	punct
33	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	31 גִּבֹּרִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal
עֲשֹׂת doing	infinitive construct · qal	ִי my	זֹאת this [thing]
הֹלְכִים went	participle active · qal	אֲנָשִׁים the men
not אָבָה he was willing	qatal · qal
שְׁתּוֹת drink	infinitive construct · qal		ָם them
עָשׂוּ they did	qatal · qal	גִּבֹּרִֽים warriors	אֵלֶּה these [things]

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר חַס לִי מִן קֳדָם יְיָ מִלְמֶעְבַּד דָא הֲדַס גִבָּרַיָא דַאֲזַלוּ בְנַפְשַׁתְהוֹן וְלָא אֲבָא לְמִשְׁתֵּיהוֹן אִלֵין עֲבָדוּ תְּלָתָא גִבָּרַיָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:647.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.23.17/