2 Samuel 24:20 · JPS 1917
And Araunah looked forth, and saw the king and his servants coming on toward him; and Araunah went out, and bowed down before the king with his face to the ground.
Who acts: Araunah, king · What happens: look, see, come on, go out, bow down · To what, where: king
This is 2 Samuel 24:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Araunah, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 looked | cc |
| 2 | Araunah | Araunah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 looked | nsubj |
| 3 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 3 looked | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 saw | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 saw | cc |
| 7 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 looked | conj |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 king | det |
| 9 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 saw | obj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 servants | cc |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 servants | nmod:poss |
| 12 | servants | servant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 king | conj |
| 13 | coming | come | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 saw | xcomp |
| 14 | on | on | ADV | _ | 13 coming | advmod |
| 15 | toward | toward | ADP | _ | 16 him | case |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 coming | obl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 went | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 went | cc |
| 19 | Araunah | Araunah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 went | nsubj |
| 20 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 looked | conj |
| 21 | out | out | ADV | _ | 20 went | advmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 bowed | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 bowed | cc |
| 24 | bowed | bow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 went | conj |
| 25 | down | down | ADP | _ | 24 bowed | compound:prt |
| 26 | before | before | ADP | _ | 28 king | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 king | det |
| 28 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 bowed | obl |
| 29 | with | with | ADP | _ | 31 face | case |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 face | nmod:poss |
| 31 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 bowed | obl |
| 32 | to | to | ADP | _ | 34 ground | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 ground | det |
| 34 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 face | nmod |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 looked | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | past | Araunah | forth property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | see | past | Araunah not said here | the king and Araunah's servants | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | come on | gerund | the king and Araunah's servants not said here | toward Araunah | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme toward he=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | go out | past | Araunah | out property | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | bow down | past | Araunah not said here | before the king | with Araunah's face to the ground | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before king=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיַּשְׁקֵ֣ף אֲרַ֗וְנָה וַיַּ֤רְא אֶת־הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ וְאֶת־עֲבָדָ֔יו עֹבְרִ֖ים עָלָ֑יו וַיֵּצֵ֣א אֲרַ֔וְנָה וַיִּשְׁתַּ֧חוּ לַמֶּ֛לֶךְ אַפָּ֖יו אָֽרְצָה׃
2 Samuel 24:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:776 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.776/