Amos 1:2 · JPS 1917
And he said: The LORD roareth from Zion, and uttereth His voice from Jerusalem; and the pastures of the shepherds shall mourn, and the top of Carmel shall wither.
Who acts: Tekoa, LORD, pastures, top · What happens: say, roar, utter, mourn, wither · To what, where: Zion, voice, Jerusalem · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Amos 1:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tekoa, LORD, pastures, top), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 said | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 roareth | punct |
| 5 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 LORD | det |
| 6 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 roareth | nsubj |
| 7 | roareth | roar | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | ccomp |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 Zion | case |
| 9 | Zion | Zion | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 roareth | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 uttereth | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 uttereth | cc |
| 12 | uttereth | utter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 roareth | conj |
| 13 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 voice | nmod:poss |
| 14 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 uttereth | obj |
| 15 | from | from | ADP | _ | 16 Jerusalem | case |
| 16 | Jerusalem | Jerusalem | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 uttereth | obl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 mourn | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 mourn | cc |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 pastures | det |
| 20 | pastures | pasture | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 mourn | nsubj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 shepherds | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 shepherds | det |
| 23 | shepherds | shepherd | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 pastures | nmod |
| 24 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 mourn | aux |
| 25 | mourn | mourn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 roareth | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 wither | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 wither | cc |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 top | det |
| 29 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 wither | nsubj |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 Carmel | case |
| 31 | Carmel | Carmel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 top | nmod |
| 32 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 wither | aux |
| 33 | wither | wither | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 mourn | conj |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Tekoa | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | roar | present | the LORD | Zion | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from zion=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | utter speech: other | present | the LORD not said here | Tekoa's voice | Jerusalem | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent voice=Topic | |||
| 4 | mourn | shall | the pastures of the shepherds | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | wither | shall | the top of Carmel | vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּאמַ֓ר ׀ יְהוָה֙ מִצִיּ֣וֹןיִשְׁאָ֔ג וּמִירוּשָׁלִַ֖ם יִתֵּ֣ן קוֹל֑וֹ וְאָֽבְלוּ֙ נְא֣וֹת הָרֹעִ֔ים וְיָבֵ֖שׁ רֹ֥אשׁ הַכַּרְמֶֽל׃פ
Amos 1:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:AMO:1 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.1/