Amos 1:2 עָמוֹס

Who acts: Tekoa, LORD, pastures, top · What happens: say, roar, utter, mourn, wither · To what, where: Zion, voice, Jerusalem · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Amos 1:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Tekoa, LORD, pastures, top — and what happens in the verse to Zion, voice, Jerusalem, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 9 chapters of Amos on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּאמַ֓ר ׀ יְהוָה֙ מִצִיּ֣וֹןיִשְׁאָ֔ג וּמִירוּשָׁלִַ֖ם יִתֵּ֣ן קוֹל֑וֹ וְאָֽבְלוּ֙ נְא֣וֹת הָרֹעִ֔ים וְיָבֵ֖שׁ רֹ֥אשׁ הַכַּרְמֶֽל׃פ

And he said: The LORD roareth from Zion, and uttereth His voice from Jerusalem; and the pastures of the shepherds shall mourn, and the top of Carmel shall wither.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּאמַ֓ר	cc	and
2	יֹּאמַ֓ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	2 יֹּאמַ֓ר	punct
4	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	7 יִשְׁאָ֔ג	nsubj	Yahweh
5	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	6 צִיּ֣וֹן	case	from
6	צִיּ֣וֹן	צִיּוֹן	PROPN	_	7 יִשְׁאָ֔ג	obl	Zion
7	יִשְׁאָ֔ג	שָׁאַג	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּאמַ֓ר	ccomp	he will roar
8	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יִתֵּ֣ן	cc	and
9	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	10 ירוּשָׁלִַ֖ם	case	from
10	ירוּשָׁלִַ֖ם	יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם	PROPN	_	11 יִתֵּ֣ן	obl	Jerusalem
11	יִתֵּ֣ן	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 יִשְׁאָ֔ג	conj	he will give forth
12	קוֹל	קוֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 יִתֵּ֣ן	obj	voice
13	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 קוֹל	nmod:poss	his
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 אָֽבְלוּ֙	cc	and
15	אָֽבְלוּ֙	אָבַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	7 יִשְׁאָ֔ג	conj	they will dry up
16	נְא֣וֹת	נָוָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	15 אָֽבְלוּ֙	nsubj	the pastures
17	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 רֹעִ֔ים	det	of
18	רֹעִ֔ים	רָעָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	16 נְא֣וֹת	compound:smixut	the shepherds
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 יָבֵ֖שׁ	cc	and
20	יָבֵ֖שׁ	יָבֵשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	15 אָֽבְלוּ֙	conj	it will wither
21	רֹ֥אשׁ	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 יָבֵ֖שׁ	nsubj	the top
22	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 כַּרְמֶֽל	det	of (the)
23	כַּרְמֶֽל	כַּרְמֶל	PROPN	_	21 רֹ֥אשׁ	compound:smixut	Carmel
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 כַּרְמֶֽל	punct
25	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	23 כַּרְמֶֽל	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמַר he said	wayyiqtol · qal
יִשְׁאָג he will roar	yiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
יִתֵּן he will give forth	yiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh	קוֹל voice
אָֽבְלוּ they will dry up	qatal · qal	נְאוֹת the pastures
יָבֵשׁ it will wither	qatal · qal	רֹאשׁ the top

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר יְיָ מִצִיוֹן יִכְלֵי וּמִירוּשְׁלֵם יָרִים מֵימְרֵיהּ וְיִצְדוּן מָדוֹרֵי מַלְכַיָא וְיֶחֱרַב תְּקוֹף כְּרַכֵּיהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And he said: The LORD roareth from Zion, and uttereth His voice from Jerusalem; and the pastures of the shepherds shall mourn, and the top of Carmel shall wither.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:AMO:1.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.1.2/