Amos 4:7 · JPS 1917

And I also have withholden the rain from you, when there were yet three months to the harvest; and I caused it to rain upon one city, and caused it not to rain upon another city; one piece was rained upon, and the piece whereupon it rained not withered.

Who acts: I, three months, rain, it · What happens: withholden, be, cause, rain, not rain, not wither · To what, where: rain, one piece, piece

This is Amos 4:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, three months, rain, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	5 withholden	cc
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 withholden	nsubj
3	also	also	ADV	_	5 withholden	advmod
4	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 withholden	aux
5	withholden	withholden	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 rain	det
7	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 withholden	obj
8	from	from	ADP	_	9 you	case
9	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 withholden	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 were	punct
11	when	when	SCONJ	_	13 were	mark
12	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	13 were	expl
13	were	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 withholden	advcl
14	yet	yet	ADV	_	15 three	advmod
15	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	16 months	nummod
16	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 were	nsubj
17	to	to	ADP	_	19 harvest	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 harvest	det
19	harvest	harvest	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 were	obl
20	;	;	PUNCT	_	23 caused	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 caused	cc
22	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	23 caused	nsubj
23	caused	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 withholden	conj
24	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 caused	obj
25	to	to	PART	_	26 rain	mark
26	rain	rain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	23 caused	xcomp
27	upon	upon	ADP	_	29 city	case
28	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	29 city	nummod
29	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 rain	obl
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 caused	punct
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 caused	cc
32	caused	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 caused	conj
33	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 caused	obj
34	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	36 rain	advmod
35	to	to	PART	_	36 rain	mark
36	rain	rain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	32 caused	xcomp
37	upon	upon	ADP	_	39 city	case
38	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	39 city	det
39	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 rain	obl
40	;	;	PUNCT	_	44 rained	punct
41	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	42 piece	nummod
42	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 rained	nsubj:pass
43	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	44 rained	aux:pass
44	rained	rain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 withholden	parataxis
45	upon	upon	ADP	_	44 rained	obl
46	,	,	PUNCT	_	54 withered	punct
47	and	and	CCONJ	_	54 withered	cc
48	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	49 piece	det
49	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	54 withered	nsubj:pass
50	whereupon	whereupon	ADV	PronType=Rel	52 rained	advmod
51	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	52 rained	nsubj
52	rained	rain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	49 piece	acl:relcl
53	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	54 withered	advmod
54	withered	wither	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	44 rained	conj
55	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 withholden	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
polarity: none
teacher: changed voice=character

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	withholden	present · perfect	I	the rain		from you	tree rules
2	be	past	three months		there	to the harvest	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	cause	past	I	rain			tree rules
4	rain	to-infinitive	rain not said here			upon one city	vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»
5	cause	past	I not said here	rain			tree rules
6	not rain	to-infinitive	rain not said here			upon another city	vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»
7	rain	past · passive		one piece			tree rules
8	rain	past	it			whereupon property	vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»
9	not wither	participle · passive		the piece			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וְגַ֣ם אָנֹכִי֩ מָנַ֨עְתִּי מִכֶּ֜ם אֶת־הַגֶּ֗שֶׁם בְּע֨וֹד שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה חֳדָשִׁים֙ לַקָּצִ֔יר וְהִמְטַרְתִּי֙ עַל־עִ֣יר אֶחָ֔ת וְעַל־עִ֥יר אַחַ֖ת לֹ֣א אַמְטִ֑יר חֶלְקָ֤ה אַחַת֙ תִּמָּטֵ֔ר וְחֶלְקָ֛ה אֲשֶֽׁר־לֹֽא־תַמְטִ֥יר עָלֶ֖יהָ תִּיבָֽשׁ׃

Amos 4:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:AMO:58 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.58/