Ezekiel 18:18 · JPS 1917
As for his father, because he cruelly oppressed, committed robbery on his brother, and did that which is not good among his people, behold, he dieth for his iniquity.
Who acts: man · What happens: oppress, commit, do, not be, die · To what, where: robbery, that
This is Ezekiel 18:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 4 father | case |
| 2 | for | for | ADP | _ | 1 As | fixed |
| 3 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 father | nmod:poss |
| 4 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 committed | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 committed | punct |
| 6 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 9 oppressed | mark |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 oppressed | nsubj |
| 8 | cruelly | cruelly | ADV | _ | 9 oppressed | advmod |
| 9 | oppressed | oppress | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 committed | advcl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 committed | punct |
| 11 | committed | commit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | robbery | robbery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 committed | obj |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 brother | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 brother | nmod:poss |
| 15 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 committed | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 did | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 did | cc |
| 18 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 committed | conj |
| 19 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 18 did | obj |
| 20 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 good | nsubj |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 good | cop |
| 22 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 23 good | advmod |
| 23 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 that | acl:relcl |
| 24 | among | among | ADP | _ | 26 people | case |
| 25 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 people | nmod:poss |
| 26 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 good | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 dieth | punct |
| 28 | behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 31 dieth | discourse |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 behold | punct |
| 30 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 dieth | nsubj |
| 31 | dieth | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 committed | conj |
| 32 | for | for | ADP | _ | 34 iniquity | case |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 iniquity | nmod:poss |
| 34 | iniquity | iniquity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 dieth | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 committed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | oppress | past | man | cruelly property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | commit | past | robbery | as man's father; on man's brother | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent robbery=Theme | ||||
| 3 | do | past | that | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | not is | present | among man's people; good property | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | die | present | man | for man's iniquity | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for iniquity=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
אָבִ֞יו כִּֽי־עָ֣שַׁק עֹ֗שֶׁק גָּזַל֙ גֵּ֣זֶל אָ֔ח וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־ט֛וֹב עָשָׂ֖ה בְּת֣וֹךְ עַמָּ֑יו וְהִנֵּה־מֵ֖ת בַּעֲוֺנֽוֹ׃
Ezekiel 18:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EZK:420 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.420/