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Ezekiel 31:12 · JPS 1917

And strangers, the terrible of the nations, do cut him off, and cast him down; upon the mountains and in all the valleys his branches are fallen, and his boughs lie broken in all the channels of the land; and all the peoples of the earth do go down from his shadow, and do leave him.

Who acts: strangers, boughs, peoples, God · What happens: cut off, cast down, fall, lie, break, go down · To what, where: God, branches, channels, shadow, land

This is Ezekiel 31:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (strangers, boughs, peoples, God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

ccnsubjpunctdetapposcasedetnmodpunctauxobjcompound:prtpunctccconjobjcompound:prtpunctcasedetoblcccasedet:predetdetconjnmod:possnsubj:passaux:passconjpunctccnmod:possnsubjconjxcompcasedet:predetdetoblcasedetnmodpunctccdet:predetdetnsubjcasedetnmodauxconjadvmodcasenmod:possoblpunctccauxconjobjpunctrootAndCCONJstrangersNOUN,PUNCTtheDETterribleNOUNofADPtheDETnationsNOUN,PUNCTdoAUXcutVERBhimPRONoffADP,PUNCTandCCONJcastVERBhimPRONdownADP;PUNCTuponADPtheDETmountainsNOUNandCCONJinADPallDETtheDETvalleysNOUNhisPRONbranchesNOUNareAUXfallenVERB,PUNCTandCCONJhisPRONboughsNOUNlieVERBbrokenVERBinADPallDETtheDETchannelsNOUNofADPtheDETlandNOUN;PUNCTandCCONJallDETtheDETpeoplesNOUNofADPtheDETearthNOUNdoAUXgoVERBdownADVfromADPhisPRONshadowNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJdoAUXleaveVERBhimPRON.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1AndandCCONJ_11 cutcc
2strangersstrangerNOUNNumber=Plur11 cutnsubj
3,,PUNCT_5 terriblepunct
4thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art5 terribledet
5terribleterribleNOUNNumber=Sing2 strangersappos
6ofofADP_8 nationscase
7thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art8 nationsdet
8nationsnationNOUNNumber=Plur5 terriblenmod
9,,PUNCT_2 strangerspunct
10dodoAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin11 cutaux
11cutcutVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
12himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs11 cutobj
13offoffADP_11 cutcompound:prt
14,,PUNCT_16 castpunct
15andandCCONJ_16 castcc
16castcastVERBVerbForm=Inf11 cutconj
17himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs16 castobj
18downdownADP_16 castcompound:prt
19;;PUNCT_31 fallenpunct
20uponuponADP_22 mountainscase
21thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art22 mountainsdet
22mountainsmountainNOUNNumber=Plur31 fallenobl
23andandCCONJ_27 valleyscc
24ininADP_27 valleyscase
25allallDETPronType=Tot27 valleysdet:predet
26thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art27 valleysdet
27valleysvalleyNOUNNumber=Plur22 mountainsconj
28hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs29 branchesnmod:poss
29branchesbranchNOUNNumber=Plur31 fallennsubj:pass
30arebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin31 fallenaux:pass
31fallenfallVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass11 cutconj
32,,PUNCT_36 liepunct
33andandCCONJ_36 liecc
34hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs35 boughsnmod:poss
35boughsboughNOUNNumber=Plur36 liensubj
36lielieVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin31 fallenconj
37brokenbreakVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass36 liexcomp
38ininADP_41 channelscase
39allallDETPronType=Tot41 channelsdet:predet
40thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art41 channelsdet
41channelschannelNOUNNumber=Plur37 brokenobl
42ofofADP_44 landcase
43thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art44 landdet
44landlandNOUNNumber=Sing41 channelsnmod
45;;PUNCT_54 gopunct
46andandCCONJ_54 gocc
47allallDETPronType=Tot49 peoplesdet:predet
48thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art49 peoplesdet
49peoplespeopleNOUNNumber=Plur54 gonsubj
50ofofADP_52 earthcase
51thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art52 earthdet
52earthearthNOUNNumber=Sing49 peoplesnmod
53dodoAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin54 goaux
54gogoVERBVerbForm=Inf11 cutconj
55downdownADV_54 goadvmod
56fromfromADP_58 shadowcase
57hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs58 shadownmod:poss
58shadowshadowNOUNNumber=Sing54 goobl
59,,PUNCT_62 leavepunct
60andandCCONJ_62 leavecc
61dodoAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin62 leaveaux
62leaveleaveVERBVerbForm=Inf54 goconj
63himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs62 leaveobj
64..PUNCT_11 cutpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
narrator
polarity
neg
teacher
kept the draft
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1cut offpresent · do-supportstrangersGodvn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector he=Eventuality
2cast downinfinitivestrangers not said hereGodvn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Product
3fallpresent · passiveGod's branchesupon the mountains and all valleysvn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: subject=Result
4liepresentGod's boughstree rules
5breakparticipleGod's boughs not said hereall channels of the landvn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in channel=Location
6go downpresent · do-supportall peoples of the earthGod's shadowdown propertyvn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
7leavepresent · do-supportall peoples of the earth not said hereGodvn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
8channelthe landnom channel «communication transitive»: of=patient
9shadowGodnom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וַיִּכְרְתֻ֧הוּ זָרִ֛ים עָרִיצֵ֥י גוֹיִ֖ם וַֽיִּטְּשֻׁ֑הוּ אֶל־הֶ֠הָרִים וּבְכָל־גֵּ֨אָי֜וֹת נָפְל֣וּ דָלִיּוֹתָ֗יו וַתִּשָּׁבַ֤רְנָה פֹֽארֹתָיו֙ בְּכֹל֙ אֲפִיקֵ֣י הָאָ֔רֶץ וַיֵּרְד֧וּ מִצִּלּ֛וֹ כָּל־עַמֵּ֥י הָאָ֖רֶץ וַֽיִּטְּשֻֽׁהוּ׃

Ezekiel 31:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EZK:808 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.808/