Haggai 1:10 · JPS 1917
Therefore over you the heaven hath kept back, so that there is no dew, and the earth hath kept back her produce.
Who acts: heaven, dew, earth · What happens: keep back, be · To what, where: produce
This is Haggai 1:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heaven, dew, earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 7 kept | advmod |
| 2 | over | over | ADP | _ | 3 you | case |
| 3 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 7 kept | obl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 heaven | det |
| 5 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 kept | nsubj |
| 6 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 kept | aux |
| 7 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | back | back | ADV | _ | 7 kept | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 is | punct |
| 10 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 13 is | mark |
| 11 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 10 so | fixed |
| 12 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 13 is | expl |
| 13 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 kept | advcl |
| 14 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 15 dew | det |
| 15 | dew | dew | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 is | nsubj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 kept | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 kept | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 earth | det |
| 19 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 kept | nsubj |
| 20 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 kept | aux |
| 21 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 kept | conj |
| 22 | back | back | ADV | _ | 21 kept | advmod |
| 23 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 produce | nmod:poss |
| 24 | produce | produce | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 kept | obj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 kept | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | keep back | present · perfect | the heaven | over you; therefore property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent over you=Location | ||||
| 2 | be | present | no dew | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | keep back | present · perfect | the earth | earth's produce | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent produce=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
עַל־כֵּ֣ן עֲלֵיכֶ֔ם כָּלְא֥וּ שָמַ֖יִםמִטָּ֑ל וְהָאָ֖רֶץ כָּלְאָ֥ה יְבוּלָֽהּ׃
Haggai 1:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:HAG:11 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAG.11/