Hosea 8:4 · JPS 1917
They have set up kings, but not from Me, they have made princes, and I knew it not; of their silver and their gold have they made them idols, that they may be cut off.
Who acts: They, kings, I · What happens: set up, make, not know, cut off · To what, where: kings, princes, enemy
This is Hosea 8:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (They, kings, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 set | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 set | aux |
| 3 | set | set | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | up | up | ADP | _ | 3 set | compound:prt |
| 5 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 set | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 made | punct |
| 7 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 14 made | cc |
| 8 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 Me | advmod |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 Me | case |
| 10 | Me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 kings | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 Me | punct |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 made | nsubj |
| 13 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 made | aux |
| 14 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 set | conj |
| 15 | princes | prince | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 made | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 knew | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 knew | cc |
| 18 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 knew | nsubj |
| 19 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 set | conj |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 knew | obj |
| 21 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 knew | advmod |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 made | punct |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 silver | case |
| 24 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 silver | nmod:poss |
| 25 | silver | silver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 made | obl |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 gold | cc |
| 27 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 gold | nmod:poss |
| 28 | gold | gold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 silver | conj |
| 29 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 made | aux |
| 30 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 made | nsubj |
| 31 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 set | parataxis |
| 32 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 made | obj |
| 33 | idols | idol | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 made | xcomp |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 cut | punct |
| 35 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 39 cut | mark |
| 36 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 cut | nsubj:pass |
| 37 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 39 cut | aux |
| 38 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 39 cut | aux:pass |
| 39 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 made | advcl |
| 40 | off | off | ADP | _ | 39 cut | compound:prt |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 set | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- hedged
- yes
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | set up | present · perfect | They | kings | from Me | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient king=Result | |||
| 2 | make | present · perfect | kings = king | princes | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset prince=Product | ||||
| 3 | not know | past | I | enemy | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | make | present · perfect | kings = king | princes = prince | of kings's silver and kings's gold | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product | |||
| 5 | cut off | may · passive | kings = king | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
הֵ֤ם הִמְלִיכוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א מִמֶּ֔נִּי הֵשִׂ֖ירוּ וְלֹ֣א יָדָ֑עְתִּי כַּסְפָּ֣ם וּזְהָבָ֗ם עָשׂ֤וּ לָהֶם֙ עֲצַבִּ֔ים לְמַ֖עַן יִכָּרֵֽת׃
Hosea 8:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:HOS:107 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.107/