Hosea 4:2 · JPS 1917

Swearing and lying, and killing, and stealing, and committing adultery! they break all bounds, and blood toucheth blood.

Who acts: truth, blood · What happens: swear, lie, kill, steal, commit, break · To what, where: adultery, bounds, blood

This is Hosea 4:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (truth, blood), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Swearing	swear	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	16 break	advcl
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 lying	cc
3	lying	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Swearing	conj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 killing	punct
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 killing	cc
6	killing	kill	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Swearing	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 stealing	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 stealing	cc
9	stealing	steal	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Swearing	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 committing	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 committing	cc
12	committing	commit	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Swearing	conj
13	adultery	adultery	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 committing	obj
14	!	!	PUNCT	_	16 break	punct
15	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 break	nsubj
16	break	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
17	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	18 bounds	det
18	bounds	bound	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 break	obj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 toucheth	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 toucheth	cc
21	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 toucheth	nsubj
22	toucheth	touch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 break	conj
23	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 toucheth	obj
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	16 break	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	swear	gerund	truth not said here		vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	lie	gerund	truth not said here		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	kill	gerund	truth not said here		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
4	steal	gerund	truth not said here		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	commit	gerund	truth not said here	adultery	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent adultery=Theme
6	break	present	truth	all bounds	vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bound=Patient
7	touch	present	blood	blood	vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme blood=Co-Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

אָלֹ֣ה וְכַחֵ֔שׁ וְרָצֹ֥חַ וְגָנֹ֖ב וְנָאֹ֑ף פָּרָ֕צוּ וְדָמִ֥ים בְּדָמִ֖ים נָגָֽעוּ׃

Hosea 4:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:HOS:41 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.41/