Isaiah 1:2 · JPS 1917
Hear, O heavens, and give ear, O earth, for the LORD hath spoken: Children I have reared, and brought up, and they have rebelled against Me.
Who acts: you, LORD, I, Children · What happens: hear, give, speak, rear, bring up, rebel · To what, where: ear, Children · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Isaiah 1:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, LORD, I, Children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hear | hear | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 heavens | punct |
| 3 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 4 heavens | discourse |
| 4 | heavens | heaven | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Hear | vocative |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 give | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 give | cc |
| 7 | give | give | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Hear | conj |
| 8 | ear | ear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 give | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 earth | punct |
| 10 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 11 earth | discourse |
| 11 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 give | vocative |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 spoken | punct |
| 13 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 17 spoken | mark |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 LORD | det |
| 15 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 spoken | nsubj |
| 16 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 spoken | aux |
| 17 | spoken | speak | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 give | advcl |
| 18 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 19 Children | punct |
| 19 | Children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 reared | obj |
| 20 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 reared | nsubj |
| 21 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 reared | aux |
| 22 | reared | rear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 17 spoken | parataxis |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 brought | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 brought | cc |
| 25 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 22 reared | conj |
| 26 | up | up | ADP | _ | 25 brought | compound:prt |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 rebelled | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 rebelled | cc |
| 29 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 rebelled | nsubj |
| 30 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 rebelled | aux |
| 31 | rebelled | rebel | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 22 reared | conj |
| 32 | against | against | ADP | _ | 33 Me | case |
| 33 | Me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 31 rebelled | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Hear | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | imperative | you not said here | heavens vocative | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | give | infinitive | you not said here | ear | earth vocative | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ear=Theme | |||
| 3 | speak speech: other | present · perfect | the LORD | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | rear | present · perfect | I | Children | vn rear-26.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Patient | ||||
| 5 | bring up | participle | I not said here | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | rebel | present · perfect | Children = child | against Me | vn rebel-71.2-1 «NP V PP.maleficiary»: agent=Agent against i=Maleficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
שִׁמְע֤וּ שָׁמַ֙יִם֙ וְהַאֲזִ֣ינִי אֶ֔רֶץ כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה דִּבֵּ֑ר בָּנִים֙ גִּדַּ֣לְתִּי וְרוֹמַ֔מְתִּי וְהֵ֖ם פָּ֥שְׁעוּ בִֽי׃
Isaiah 1:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:1 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1/