Isaiah 48:10 · JPS 1917
Behold, I have refined thee, but not as silver; I have tried thee in the furnace of affliction.
Who acts: I · What happens: refine, try · To what, where: thee, furnace
This is Isaiah 48:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 5 refined | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Behold | punct |
| 3 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 refined | nsubj |
| 4 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 refined | aux |
| 5 | refined | refine | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 6 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 5 refined | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 silver | punct |
| 8 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 11 silver | cc |
| 9 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 silver | advmod |
| 10 | as | as | ADP | _ | 11 silver | case |
| 11 | silver | silver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 refined | conj |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 tried | punct |
| 13 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 15 tried | nsubj |
| 14 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 tried | aux |
| 15 | tried | try | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 refined | parataxis |
| 16 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 15 tried | obj |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 furnace | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 furnace | det |
| 19 | furnace | furnace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 tried | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 affliction | case |
| 21 | affliction | affliction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 furnace | nmod |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 refined | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | refine | present · perfect | I | thee | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent thou=Patient | ||||
| 2 | try | present · perfect | I | thee | the furnace of affliction | vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
הִנֵּ֥ה צְרַפְתִּ֖יךָ וְלֹ֣א בְכָ֑סֶף בְּחַרְתִּ֖יךָ בְּכ֥וּר עֹֽנִי׃
Isaiah 48:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:1068 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1068/