Isaiah 5:20 · JPS 1917

Woe unto them that call evil good, and good evil; that change darkness into light, and light into darkness; that change bitter into sweet, and sweet into bitter!

Who acts: Woe · What happens: call, change · To what, where: darkness, light, sweet · Speech: someone speaks here

This is Isaiah 5:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Woe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Woe	woe	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	unto	unto	ADP	_	3 them	case
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Woe	nmod
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 call	nsubj
5	call	call	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Woe	acl:relcl
6	evil	evil	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 good	nsubj
7	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 call	xcomp
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 evil	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 evil	cc
10	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 evil	advmod
11	evil	evil	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 good	conj
12	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 change	punct
13	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 change	nsubj
14	change	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Woe	acl:relcl
15	darkness	darkness	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 change	obj
16	into	into	ADP	_	17 light	case
17	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 change	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 light	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 light	cc
20	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 change	conj
21	into	into	ADP	_	22 darkness	case
22	darkness	darkness	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 light	nmod
23	;	;	PUNCT	_	25 change	punct
24	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	25 change	nsubj
25	change	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Woe	acl:relcl
26	bitter	bitter	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 change	xcomp
27	into	into	ADP	_	28 sweet	case
28	sweet	sweet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 change	obl
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 sweet	punct
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 sweet	cc
31	sweet	sweet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 change	conj
32	into	into	ADP	_	33 bitter	case
33	bitter	bitter	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 sweet	obl
34	!	!	PUNCT	_	1 Woe	punct

Pragmatics

form: exclamation
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: neg
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	call	present	Woe unto lambs		good property	vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	change	present	Woe unto lambs	darkness	into light result	vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent darkness=Patient into light=Result
3	change	present	Woe unto lambs		into sweet result; bitter property	vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.result»: agent=Patient into sweet=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

ה֣וֹי הָאֹמְרִ֥ים לָרַ֛ע ט֖וֹב וְלַטּ֣וֹב רָ֑ע שָׂמִ֨ים חֹ֤שֶׁךְ לְאוֹר֙ וְא֣וֹר לְחֹ֔שֶׁךְ שָׂמִ֥ים מַ֛ר לְמָת֖וֹק וּמָת֥וֹק לְמָֽר׃ס

Isaiah 5:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:110 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.110/