Isaiah 59:9 · JPS 1917
Therefore is justice far from us, neither doth righteousness overtake us; we look for light, but behold darkness, for brightness, but we walk in gloom.
Who acts: justice, righteousness, we · What happens: be, overtake, look, behold, walk · To what, where: us, darkness, gloom
This is Isaiah 59:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (justice, righteousness, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 4 far | advmod |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 far | cop |
| 3 | justice | justice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 far | nsubj |
| 4 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 us | case |
| 6 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 far | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 overtake | punct |
| 8 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 11 overtake | cc |
| 9 | doth | do | AUX | _ | 11 overtake | aux |
| 10 | righteousness | righteousness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 overtake | nsubj |
| 11 | overtake | overtake | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 far | conj |
| 12 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 11 overtake | obj |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 look | punct |
| 14 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 15 look | nsubj |
| 15 | look | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 far | parataxis |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 17 light | case |
| 17 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 look | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 behold | punct |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 20 behold | cc |
| 20 | behold | behold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 look | conj |
| 21 | darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 behold | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 brightness | punct |
| 23 | for | for | ADP | _ | 24 brightness | case |
| 24 | brightness | brightness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 behold | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 walk | punct |
| 26 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 28 walk | cc |
| 27 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 28 walk | nsubj |
| 28 | walk | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 look | conj |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 gloom | case |
| 30 | gloom | gloom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 walk | obl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 far | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | justice | from us; far, therefore property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | overtake | do-support | righteousness | us | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | look | present | we | for light | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for light=Theme | ||||
| 4 | behold | present | we not said here | darkness | for brightness | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer darkness=Stimulus | |||
| 5 | walk | present | we | gloom | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in gloom=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
עַל־כֵּ֗ן רָחַ֤ק מִשְׁפָּט֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ וְלֹ֥א תַשִּׂיגֵ֖נוּ צְדָקָ֑ה נְקַוֶּ֤ה לָאוֹר֙ וְהִנֵּה־חֹ֔שֶׁךְ לִנְגֹה֖וֹת בָּאֲפֵל֥וֹת נְהַלֵּֽךְ׃
Isaiah 59:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:1282 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1282/