Isaiah 9:2 · JPS 1917
Thou hast multiplied the nation, Thou hast increased their joy; they joy before Thee according to the joy in harvest, as men rejoice when they divide the spoil.
Who acts: Thou, people, men · What happens: multiply, increase, joy, accord, rejoice, divide · To what, where: nation, joy, spoil
This is Isaiah 9:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thou, people, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 3 multiplied | nsubj |
| 2 | hast | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 multiplied | aux |
| 3 | multiplied | multiply | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 nation | det |
| 5 | nation | nation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 multiplied | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 increased | punct |
| 7 | Thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 9 increased | nsubj |
| 8 | hast | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 increased | aux |
| 9 | increased | increase | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 multiplied | conj |
| 10 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 joy | nmod:poss |
| 11 | joy | joy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 increased | obj |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 joy | punct |
| 13 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 joy | nsubj |
| 14 | joy | joy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 multiplied | conj |
| 15 | before | before | ADP | _ | 16 Thee | case |
| 16 | Thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 14 joy | obl |
| 17 | according | accord | VERB | ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 20 joy | case |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 according | fixed |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 joy | det |
| 20 | joy | joy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 joy | obl |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 harvest | case |
| 22 | harvest | harvest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 joy | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 rejoice | punct |
| 24 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 26 rejoice | mark |
| 25 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 rejoice | nsubj |
| 26 | rejoice | rejoice | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 joy | advcl |
| 27 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 29 divide | mark |
| 28 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 divide | nsubj |
| 29 | divide | divide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 rejoice | advcl |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 spoil | det |
| 31 | spoil | spoil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 divide | obj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 multiplied | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- pos
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | multiply | present · perfect | Thou | the nation | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nation=Theme | ||||
| 2 | increase | present · perfect | Thou | people's joy | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer joy=Patient | ||||
| 3 | joy | present | people | before Thee | accord the joy in harvest | tree rules | |||
| 4 | accord | gerund | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | rejoice | present | men | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 6 | divide | present | people | the spoil | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spoil=Theme | ||||
| 7 | joy | people | nom joy «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
הִרְבִּ֣יתָ הַגּ֔וֹי ל֖וֹ הִגְדַּ֣לְתָּ הַשִּׂמְחָ֑ה שָׂמְח֤וּ לְפָנֶ֙יךָ֙ כְּשִׂמְחַ֣ת בַּקָּצִ֔יר כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר יָגִ֖ילוּ בְּחַלְּקָ֥ם שָׁלָֽל׃
Isaiah 9:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:188 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.188/