Isaiah 13:4 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 3
Hark, a tumult in the mountains, like as of a great people!
This is Isaiah 13:4 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 3 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hark | hark | INTJ | _ | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Hark | punct |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 tumult | det |
| 4 | tumult | tumult | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Hark | parataxis |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 mountains | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 mountains | det |
| 7 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 tumult | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 people | punct |
| 9 | like | like | ADP | _ | 14 people | case |
| 10 | as | as | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 9 like | fixed |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 as | fixed |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 people | det |
| 13 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 people | amod |
| 14 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 tumult | nmod |
| 15 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 1 Hark | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- fragment
- act
- evaluate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=frag
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The Hebrew of this verse
ק֥וֹל הָמ֛וֹן בֶּֽהָרִ֖ים דְּמ֣וּת עַם־רָ֑ב ק֠וֹל שְׁא֞וֹן מַמְלְכ֤וֹת גּוֹיִם֙ נֶֽאֱסָפִ֔ים יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת מְפַקֵּ֖ד צְבָ֥א מִלְחָמָֽה׃
Isaiah 13:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- Hark, a tumult in the mountains, like as of a great people!
- Hark, the uproar of the kingdoms of the nations gathered together!
- The LORD of hosts mustereth the host of the battle.
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:278 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.278/