Isaiah 13:4 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: LORD · What happens: gather, muster · To what, where: uproar, host

This is Isaiah 13:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD — and what happens in the verse to uproar, host, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

ק֥וֹל הָמ֛וֹן בֶּֽהָרִ֖ים דְּמ֣וּת עַם־רָ֑ב ק֠וֹל שְׁא֞וֹן מַמְלְכ֤וֹת גּוֹיִם֙ נֶֽאֱסָפִ֔ים יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת מְפַקֵּ֖ד צְבָ֥א מִלְחָמָֽה׃

Hark, a tumult in the mountains, like as of a great people! Hark, the uproar of the kingdoms of the nations gathered together! The LORD of hosts mustereth the host of the battle.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	ק֥וֹל	קוֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 דְּמ֣וּת	nsubj	[the] sound
2	הָמ֛וֹן	הָמוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 ק֥וֹל	compound:smixut	of a tumult
3	בֶּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	5 הָרִ֖ים	case	[is] on
4	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 הָרִ֖ים	det	the
5	הָרִ֖ים	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	1 ק֥וֹל	nmod	mountains
6	דְּמ֣וּת	דְּמוּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	root	root	[the] likeness
7	עַם־	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 דְּמ֣וּת	compound:smixut	of a people
8	רָ֑ב	רַב	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 עַם־	amod	numerous
9	ק֠וֹל	קוֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 דְּמ֣וּת	parataxis	[the] sound
10	שְׁא֞וֹן	שָׁאוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 ק֠וֹל	compound:smixut	of an uproar
11	מַמְלְכ֤וֹת	מַמְלָכָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	10 שְׁא֞וֹן	compound:smixut	of kingdoms
12	גּוֹיִם֙	גּוֹי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	11 מַמְלְכ֤וֹת	compound:smixut	of nations
13	נֶֽאֱסָפִ֔ים	אָסַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur	12 גּוֹיִם֙	nmod	[which are] gathering
14	יְהוָ֣ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	16 מְפַקֵּ֖ד	nsubj	Yahweh
15	צְבָא֔וֹת	צָבָא	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 יְהוָ֣ה	compound:smixut	of hosts
16	מְפַקֵּ֖ד	פָּקַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing	6 דְּמ֣וּת	parataxis	[is] mustering
17	צְבָ֥א	צָבָא	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 מְפַקֵּ֖ד	obj	an army
18	מִלְחָמָֽה	מִלְחָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	17 צְבָ֥א	compound:smixut	of battle
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 מִלְחָמָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
נֶֽאֱסָפִים [which are] gathering	participle active · niphal		גּוֹיִם of nations
מְפַקֵּד [is] mustering	participle active · piel	יְהוָה Yahweh	צְבָא an army

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

קַל הֲמוֹן בְּטוּרַיָא דְמוּת עַם סַגִי קַל אִתְרְגוּשַׁת מַלְכְּוָן עַמְמַיָא דְמִתְכַּנְשִׁין יְיָ צְבָאוֹת מְמַנֵי מַשִׁרְיָן בִּקְרָבָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:255.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.13.4/