Isaiah 13:8 · JPS 1917
And they shall be affrighted; pangs and throes shall take hold of them; they shall be in pain as a woman in travail; they shall look aghast one at another; their faces shall be faces of flame.
Who acts: pangs, faces · What happens: affright, take, be, look · To what, where: hosts, hold, pain, one, faces
This is Isaiah 13:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pangs, faces), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 affrighted | cc |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 affrighted | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 affrighted | aux |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 5 affrighted | aux:pass |
| 5 | affrighted | affright | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 take | punct |
| 7 | pangs | pang | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 take | nsubj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 throes | cc |
| 9 | throes | throe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 pangs | conj |
| 10 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 take | aux |
| 11 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 affrighted | parataxis |
| 12 | hold | hold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 take | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 them | case |
| 14 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 take | obl |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 pain | punct |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 pain | nsubj |
| 17 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 pain | aux |
| 18 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 20 pain | cop |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 pain | case |
| 20 | pain | pain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 affrighted | parataxis |
| 21 | as | as | ADP | _ | 23 woman | case |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 woman | det |
| 23 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 pain | obl |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 travail | case |
| 25 | travail | travail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 woman | nmod |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 look | punct |
| 27 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 look | nsubj |
| 28 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 look | aux |
| 29 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 affrighted | parataxis |
| 30 | aghast | aghast | ADV | _ | 29 look | advmod |
| 31 | one | one | PRON | _ | 29 look | obl |
| 32 | at | at | ADP | _ | 33 another | case |
| 33 | another | another | PRON | PronType=Rcp | 31 one | nmod |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 39 faces | punct |
| 35 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 faces | nmod:poss |
| 36 | faces | face | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 faces | nsubj |
| 37 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 39 faces | aux |
| 38 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 39 faces | cop |
| 39 | faces | face | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 affrighted | parataxis |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 flame | case |
| 41 | flame | flame | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 faces | nmod |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 affrighted | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | affright | shall · passive | hosts = host | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | take | shall | pangs and throes | hold | of hosts = host | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent hold=Theme of they=Initial_Location | |||
| 3 | is | shall | pangs = pang | pain | as a woman in travail | tree rules | |||
| 4 | look | shall | pangs = pang | one | aghast property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||
| 5 | is a | shall | hosts's faces | faces | of flame | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְֽנִבְהָ֓לוּ ׀ צִירִ֤ים וַֽחֲבָלִים֙ יֹֽאחֵז֔וּן כַּיּוֹלֵדָ֖ה יְחִיל֑וּן אִ֤ישׁ אֶל־רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ יִתְמָ֔הוּ פְּנֵ֥י לְהָבִ֖ים פְּנֵיהֶֽם׃
Isaiah 13:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:284 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.284/