Isaiah 17:2 · JPS 1917
The cities of Aroer are forsaken; they shall be for flocks, which shall lie down, and none shall make them afraid.
Who acts: they, flocks, none · What happens: forsake, be, lie down, make · To what, where: cities, flocks
This is Isaiah 17:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (they, flocks, none), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 cities | det |
| 2 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 forsaken | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 Aroer | case |
| 4 | Aroer | Aroer | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 cities | nmod |
| 5 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 forsaken | aux:pass |
| 6 | forsaken | forsake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 flocks | punct |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 flocks | nsubj |
| 9 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 flocks | aux |
| 10 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 12 flocks | cop |
| 11 | for | for | ADP | _ | 12 flocks | case |
| 12 | flocks | flock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 forsaken | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 lie | punct |
| 14 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 lie | nsubj |
| 15 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 lie | aux |
| 16 | lie | lie | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 flocks | acl:relcl |
| 17 | down | down | ADV | _ | 16 lie | advmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 make | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 make | cc |
| 20 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 22 make | nsubj |
| 21 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 make | aux |
| 22 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 lie | conj |
| 23 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 make | obj |
| 24 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 make | xcomp |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 forsaken | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | forsake | present · passive | the cities of Aroer | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | is | shall | they | for flocks | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | lie down | shall | flocks | down property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | make | shall | none | flocks = flock | afraid property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
עֲזֻב֖וֹת עָרֵ֣י עֲרֹעֵ֑ר לַעֲדָרִ֣ים תִּֽהְיֶ֔ינָה וְרָבְצ֖וּ וְאֵ֥ין מַחֲרִֽיד׃
Isaiah 17:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:361 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.361/