Isaiah 21:8 · JPS 1917
And he cried as a lion: 'Upon the watch-tower, O Lord, I stand continually in the daytime, and I am set in my ward all the nights.'
Who acts: Lord, I · What happens: cry, stand, set · To what, where: daytime, I, ward · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Isaiah 21:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lord, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 cried | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 cried | nsubj |
| 3 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | as | as | ADP | _ | 6 lion | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 lion | det |
| 6 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 cried | obl |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 19 stand | punct |
| 8 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 19 stand | punct |
| 9 | Upon | upon | ADP | _ | 13 tower | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 tower | det |
| 11 | watch | watch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 tower | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 watch | punct |
| 13 | tower | tower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 stand | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 Lord | punct |
| 15 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 16 Lord | discourse |
| 16 | Lord | Lord | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 stand | vocative |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 stand | punct |
| 18 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 stand | nsubj |
| 19 | stand | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 cried | ccomp |
| 20 | continually | continually | ADV | _ | 19 stand | advmod |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 daytime | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 daytime | det |
| 23 | daytime | daytime | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 stand | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 set | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 set | cc |
| 26 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 28 set | nsubj:pass |
| 27 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 set | aux:pass |
| 28 | set | set | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 stand | conj |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 ward | case |
| 30 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 ward | nmod:poss |
| 31 | ward | ward | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 set | obl |
| 32 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 34 nights | det:predet |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 nights | det |
| 34 | nights | night | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 set | obl:unmarked |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 cried | punct |
| 36 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 cried | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- pos
- teacher
- changed voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cry speech: express | past | Lord | as a lion | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | stand | present | I | the daytime | upon the watch tower; Lord vocative; continually property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon tower=Location | |||
| 3 | set | present · passive | I | my ward | night | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in ward=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּקְרָ֖א אַרְיֵ֑ה עַל־מִצְפֶּ֣ה ׀ אֲדֹנָ֗י אָנֹכִ֞י עֹמֵ֤ד תָּמִיד֙ יוֹמָ֔ם וְעַל־מִ֨שְׁמַרְתִּ֔י אָנֹכִ֥י נִצָּ֖ב כָּל־הַלֵּילֽוֹת׃
Isaiah 21:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:426 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.426/