Isaiah 23:13 · JPS 1917
Behold, the land of the Chaldeans — this is the people that was not, when Asshur founded it for shipmen — they set up their towers, they overthrew the palaces thereof; it is made a ruin.
Who acts: this, Asshur, shipmen · What happens: be, found, set up, overthrow, make · To what, where: people, land, towers, palaces
This is Isaiah 23:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this, Asshur, shipmen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 4 land | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Behold | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 land | det |
| 4 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 Chaldeans | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Chaldeans | det |
| 7 | Chaldeans | chaldean | PROPN | Number=Plur | 4 land | nmod |
| 8 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 people | punct |
| 9 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 12 people | nsubj |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 people | cop |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 people | det |
| 12 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 land | parataxis |
| 13 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 was | nsubj |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 people | acl:relcl |
| 15 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 was | advmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 founded | punct |
| 17 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 19 founded | mark |
| 18 | Asshur | Asshur | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 founded | nsubj |
| 19 | founded | found | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 was | advcl |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 founded | obj |
| 21 | for | for | ADP | _ | 22 shipmen | case |
| 22 | shipmen | shipmen | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 founded | obl |
| 23 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 set | punct |
| 24 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 set | nsubj |
| 25 | set | set | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 land | parataxis |
| 26 | up | up | ADP | _ | 25 set | compound:prt |
| 27 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 towers | nmod:poss |
| 28 | towers | tower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 set | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 overthrew | punct |
| 30 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 overthrew | nsubj |
| 31 | overthrew | overthrow | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 set | conj |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 palaces | det |
| 33 | palaces | palace | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 overthrew | obj |
| 34 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 31 overthrew | advmod |
| 35 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 38 made | punct |
| 36 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 made | nsubj:pass |
| 37 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 made | aux:pass |
| 38 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 set | parataxis |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 ruin | det |
| 40 | ruin | ruin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 made | xcomp |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 38 made | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | this | the people | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | found | past | Asshur | land | for shipmen | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | |||
| 3 | set up | past | shipmen | shipmen's towers | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient tower=Result | ||||
| 4 | overthrow | past | shipmen | the palaces | thereof property | tree rules | |||
| 5 | make | present · passive | land | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
הֵ֣ן ׀ אֶ֣רֶץ כַּשְׂדִּ֗ים זֶ֤ה הָעָם֙ לֹ֣א הָיָ֔ה אַשּׁ֖וּר יְסָדָ֣הּ לְצִיִּ֑ים הֵקִ֣ימוּ בַחוּנָ֗יו עֹרְרוּ֙ אַרְמְנוֹתֶ֔יהָ שָׂמָ֖הּ לְמַפֵּלָֽה׃
Isaiah 23:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:481 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.481/