Isaiah 25:4 · JPS 1917

For Thou hast been a stronghold to the poor, a stronghold to the needy in his distress, a refuge from the storm, a shadow from the heat; for the blast of the terrible ones was as a storm against the wall.

Who acts: Thou, blast, city · What happens: be, distress, blast · To what, where: stronghold, terrible ones

This is Isaiah 25:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thou, blast, city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	For	for	SCONJ	_	6 stronghold	mark
2	Thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	6 stronghold	nsubj
3	hast	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 stronghold	aux
4	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	6 stronghold	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 stronghold	det
6	stronghold	stronghold	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 poor	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 poor	det
9	poor	poor	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stronghold	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 stronghold	punct
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 stronghold	det
12	stronghold	stronghold	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stronghold	conj
13	to	to	ADP	_	15 needy	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 needy	det
15	needy	needy	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 stronghold	nmod
16	in	in	ADP	_	18 distress	case
17	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 distress	nmod:poss
18	distress	distress	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 needy	nmod
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 refuge	punct
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 refuge	det
21	refuge	refuge	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stronghold	conj
22	from	from	ADP	_	24 storm	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 storm	det
24	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 refuge	nmod
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 shadow	punct
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 shadow	det
27	shadow	shadow	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stronghold	conj
28	from	from	ADP	_	30 heat	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 heat	det
30	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 shadow	nmod
31	;	;	PUNCT	_	42 storm	punct
32	for	for	SCONJ	_	42 storm	mark
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 blast	det
34	blast	blast	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 storm	nsubj
35	of	of	ADP	_	38 ones	case
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 ones	det
37	terrible	terrible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	38 ones	amod
38	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 blast	nmod
39	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	42 storm	cop
40	as	as	ADP	_	42 storm	case
41	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	42 storm	det
42	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stronghold	advcl
43	against	against	ADP	_	45 wall	case
44	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	45 wall	det
45	wall	wall	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 storm	nmod
46	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 stronghold	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present · perfect	Thou	a stronghold and a stronghold to the needy in city's distress and a refuge from the storm and a shadow from the heat	to the poor	tree rules
2	is	past	the blast of the terrible ones		as a storm; against the wall	tree rules
3	distress		city			nom distress «feeling transitive»: poss=agent
4	blast			the terrible ones		nom blast «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

כִּֽי־הָיִ֨יתָ מָע֥וֹז לַדָּ֛ל מָע֥וֹז לָאֶבְי֖וֹן בַּצַּר־ל֑וֹ מַחְסֶ֤ה מִזֶּ֙רֶם֙ צֵ֣ל מֵחֹ֔רֶב כִּ֛י ר֥וּחַ עָרִיצִ֖ים כְּזֶ֥רֶם קִֽיר׃

Isaiah 25:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:514 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.514/