Isaiah 26:5 · JPS 1917
For He hath brought down them that dwell on high, the lofty city, laying it low, laying it low even to the ground, bringing it even to the dust.
Who acts: GOD · What happens: bring down, dwell, lay, bring · To what, where: gates, high, city, dust
This is Isaiah 26:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (GOD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | SCONJ | _ | 4 brought | mark |
| 2 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 brought | nsubj |
| 3 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 brought | aux |
| 4 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | down | down | ADP | _ | 4 brought | compound:prt |
| 6 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 brought | obj |
| 7 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 dwell | nsubj |
| 8 | dwell | dwell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 them | acl:relcl |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 high | case |
| 10 | high | high | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 dwell | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 city | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 city | det |
| 13 | lofty | lofty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 city | amod |
| 14 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 them | appos |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 laying | punct |
| 16 | laying | lay | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 brought | advcl |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 laying | obj |
| 18 | low | low | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 laying | xcomp |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 laying | punct |
| 20 | laying | lay | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 laying | conj |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 laying | obj |
| 22 | low | low | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 laying | xcomp |
| 23 | even | even | ADV | _ | 26 ground | advmod |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 ground | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 ground | det |
| 26 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 laying | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 bringing | punct |
| 28 | bringing | bring | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 20 laying | conj |
| 29 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 bringing | obj |
| 30 | even | even | ADV | _ | 33 dust | advmod |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 33 dust | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 dust | det |
| 33 | dust | dust | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 bringing | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 brought | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bring down | present · perfect | GOD | gates = gate | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 2 | dwell | present | high | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on high=Location | |||||
| 3 | lay | gerund | GOD not said here | city | low property | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Result | |||
| 4 | lay | gerund | GOD not said here | city | to the ground; low property | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Result | |||
| 5 | bring | gerund | GOD not said here | city | the dust | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme to dust=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
כִּ֤י הֵשַׁח֙ יֹשְׁבֵ֣י מָר֔וֹם קִרְיָ֖ה נִשְׂגָּבָ֑ה יַשְׁפִּילֶ֤נָּה יַשְׁפִּילָהּ֙ עַד־אֶ֔רֶץ יַגִּיעֶ֖נָּה עַד־עָפָֽר׃
Isaiah 26:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:527 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.527/