Isaiah 26:5 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: GOD · What happens: bring down, dwell, lay, bring · To what, where: gates, high, city, dust

This is Isaiah 26:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — GOD — and what happens in the verse to gates, high, city, dust, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּ֤י הֵשַׁח֙ יֹשְׁבֵ֣י מָר֔וֹם קִרְיָ֖ה נִשְׂגָּבָ֑ה יַשְׁפִּילֶ֤נָּה יַשְׁפִּילָהּ֙ עַד־אֶ֔רֶץ יַגִּיעֶ֖נָּה עַד־עָפָֽר׃

For He hath brought down them that dwell on high, the lofty city, laying it low, laying it low even to the ground, bringing it even to the dust.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּ֤י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	2 הֵשַׁח֙	mark	(dm)
2	הֵשַׁח֙	שָׁחַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he will lay low
3	יֹשְׁבֵ֣י	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	2 הֵשַׁח֙	obj	[the] inhabitants
4	מָר֔וֹם	מָרוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 יֹשְׁבֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of a high place
5	קִרְיָ֖ה	קִרְיָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	7 יַשְׁפִּיל	dislocated	a town
6	נִשְׂגָּבָ֑ה	שָׂגַב	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing	5 קִרְיָ֖ה	nmod	set on high
7	יַשְׁפִּיל	שָׁפֵל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 הֵשַׁח֙	parataxis	he
8	ֶ֤נָּה	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 יַשְׁפִּיל	obj	will bring it low
9	יַשְׁפִּיל	שָׁפֵל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 הֵשַׁח֙	parataxis	he
10	ָהּ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 יַשְׁפִּיל	obj	will bring it low
11	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	12 אֶ֔רֶץ	case	to
12	אֶ֔רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 יַשְׁפִּיל	obl	[the] ground
13	יַגִּיע	נָגַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 הֵשַׁח֙	parataxis	he
14	ֶ֖נָּה	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 יַגִּיע	obj	will make it touch
15	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	16 עָפָֽר	case	to
16	עָפָֽר	עָפָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 יַגִּיע	obl	[the] dust
17	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	16 עָפָֽר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
הֵשַׁח he will lay low	qatal · hiphil	יֹשְׁבֵי [the] inhabitants
נִשְׂגָּבָה set on high	participle active · niphal		קִרְיָה a town
יַשְׁפִּיל he	yiqtol · hiphil	ֶנָּה will bring it low
יַשְׁפִּיל he	yiqtol · hiphil	ָהּ will bring it low
יַגִּיע he	yiqtol · hiphil	ֶנָּה will make it touch

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אֲרֵי אַמְאִיךְ יַתְבֵי רוּמָא קִרְיָא תַקִיפָא יַמְאֲכִינָא וְיַרְמִינָהּ עַד אַרְעָא יִמְטִינָהּ עַד עַפְרָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

For He hath brought down them that dwell on high, the lofty city, laying it low, laying it low even to the ground, bringing it even to the dust.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:480.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.26.5/