Isaiah 44:15 · JPS 1917

Then a man useth it for fuel; and he taketh thereof, and warmeth himself; yea, he kindleth it, and baketh bread; yea, he maketh a god, and worshippeth it; he maketh it a graven image, and falleth down thereto.

Who acts: man, carpenter · What happens: use, take, warm, kindle, bake, make · To what, where: rain, carpenter, bread, god

This is Isaiah 44:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, carpenter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 useth	advmod
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 man	det
3	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 useth	nsubj
4	useth	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 useth	obj
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 fuel	case
7	fuel	fuel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 useth	obl
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 taketh	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 taketh	cc
10	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 taketh	nsubj
11	taketh	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 useth	conj
12	thereof	thereof	ADV	_	11 taketh	advmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 warmeth	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 warmeth	cc
15	warmeth	warm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 taketh	conj
16	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	15 warmeth	obj
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 kindleth	punct
18	yea	yea	INTJ	_	21 kindleth	discourse
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 yea	punct
20	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 kindleth	nsubj
21	kindleth	kindle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 useth	conj
22	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 kindleth	obj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 baketh	punct
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 baketh	cc
25	baketh	bake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 kindleth	conj
26	bread	bread	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 baketh	obj
27	;	;	PUNCT	_	31 maketh	punct
28	yea	yea	INTJ	_	31 maketh	discourse
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 yea	punct
30	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 maketh	nsubj
31	maketh	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 useth	conj
32	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	33 god	det
33	god	god	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 maketh	obj
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 worshippeth	punct
35	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 worshippeth	cc
36	worshippeth	worship	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 maketh	conj
37	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 worshippeth	obj
38	;	;	PUNCT	_	40 maketh	punct
39	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	40 maketh	nsubj
40	maketh	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 useth	conj
41	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	40 maketh	obj
42	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	44 image	det
43	graven	grave	ADJ	Degree=Pos	44 image	amod
44	image	image	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 maketh	xcomp
45	,	,	PUNCT	_	47 falleth	punct
46	and	and	CCONJ	_	47 falleth	cc
47	falleth	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	40 maketh	conj
48	down	down	ADP	_	47 falleth	compound:prt
49	thereto	thereto	ADV	_	47 falleth	advmod
50	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 useth	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	a man	rain	then	for fuel	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent it=Theme for fuel=Eventuality
2	take	present	carpenter			thereof property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	warm	present	carpenter not said here	carpenter			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent himself=Patient
4	kindle	present	carpenter	rain			vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition it=Patient
5	bake	present	carpenter not said here	bread			vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Product
6	make	present	carpenter	a god			vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent god=Product
7	worship	present	carpenter not said here	rain			vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
8	make	present	carpenter	rain			vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Product
9	fall down	present	carpenter not said here			thereto property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וְהָיָ֤ה לְאָדָם֙ לְבָעֵ֔ר וַיִּקַּ֤ח מֵהֶם֙ וַיָּ֔חָם אַף־יַשִּׂ֖יק וְאָ֣פָה לָ֑חֶם אַף־יִפְעַל־אֵל֙ וַיִּשְׁתָּ֔חוּ עָשָׂ֥הוּ פֶ֖סֶל וַיִּסְגָּד־לָֽמוֹ׃

Isaiah 44:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:987 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.987/