Isaiah 44:24 · JPS 1917
Thus saith the LORD, thy Redeemer, and He that formed thee from the womb: I am the LORD, that maketh all things; that stretched forth the heavens alone; that spread abroad the earth by Myself;
Who acts: LORD, I · What happens: say, form, be, make, stretch, spread · To what, where: thee, womb, LORD, things, heavens, earth · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Isaiah 44:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 2 saith | advmod |
| 2 | saith | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 LORD | det |
| 4 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 saith | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 Redeemer | punct |
| 6 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 7 Redeemer | nmod:poss |
| 7 | Redeemer | Redeemer | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 saith | appos |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 He | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 He | cc |
| 10 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 LORD | conj |
| 11 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 formed | nsubj |
| 12 | formed | form | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 He | acl:relcl |
| 13 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 12 formed | obj |
| 14 | from | from | ADP | _ | 16 womb | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 womb | det |
| 16 | womb | womb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 formed | obl |
| 17 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 21 LORD | punct |
| 18 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 LORD | nsubj |
| 19 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 LORD | cop |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 LORD | det |
| 21 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 saith | parataxis |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 maketh | punct |
| 23 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 maketh | nsubj |
| 24 | maketh | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 LORD | acl:relcl |
| 25 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 26 things | det |
| 26 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 maketh | obj |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 stretched | punct |
| 28 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 stretched | nsubj |
| 29 | stretched | stretch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 LORD | acl:relcl |
| 30 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 29 stretched | advmod |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 heavens | det |
| 32 | heavens | heaven | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 stretched | obj |
| 33 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 29 stretched | advmod |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 spread | punct |
| 35 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 spread | nsubj |
| 36 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 LORD | acl:relcl |
| 37 | abroad | abroad | ADV | _ | 36 spread | advmod |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 earth | det |
| 39 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 spread | obj |
| 40 | by | by | ADP | _ | 41 Myself | case |
| 41 | Myself | myself | PRON | Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 36 spread | obl |
| 42 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 2 saith | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=character, act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | the LORD | thus property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | form | past | thee | the womb | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent thou=Result from womb=Material | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | I | the LORD | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | make | present | the LORD | all things | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset thing=Product | ||||
| 5 | stretch | past | the LORD | the heavens | alone, forth property | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent heaven=Patient | |||
| 6 | spread | past | the LORD | the earth | by Myself; abroad property | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent earth=Theme by myself=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ גֹּאֲלֶ֔ךָ וְיֹצֶרְךָ֖ מִבָּ֑טֶן אָנֹכִ֤י יְהוָה֙ עֹ֣שֶׂה כֹּ֔ל נֹטֶ֤ה שָׁמַ֙יִם֙ לְבַדִּ֔י רֹקַ֥ע הָאָ֖רֶץ מֵאִתִּֽי׃
Isaiah 44:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:997 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.997/