Judges 8:20 · JPS 1917
And he said unto Jether his first-born: 'Up, and slay them.' But the youth drew not his sword; for he feared, because he was yet a youth.
Who acts: Gideon, youth · What happens: say, slay, not draw, fear, be · To what, where: men, sword, youth · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Judges 8:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gideon, youth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 said | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 5 Jether | case |
| 5 | Jether | Jether | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 said | obl |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 born | nmod:poss |
| 7 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 9 born | amod |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 first | punct |
| 9 | born | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 Jether | appos |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 Up | punct |
| 11 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 12 Up | punct |
| 12 | Up | up | ADV | _ | 3 said | ccomp |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 slay | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 slay | cc |
| 15 | slay | slay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 Up | conj |
| 16 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 slay | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 Up | punct |
| 18 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 12 Up | punct |
| 19 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 drew | cc |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 youth | det |
| 21 | youth | youth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 drew | nsubj |
| 22 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | conj |
| 23 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 22 drew | advmod |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 sword | nmod:poss |
| 25 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 drew | obj |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 feared | punct |
| 27 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 29 feared | mark |
| 28 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 feared | nsubj |
| 29 | feared | fear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | advcl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 youth | punct |
| 31 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 36 youth | mark |
| 32 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 youth | nsubj |
| 33 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 youth | cop |
| 34 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 36 youth | advmod |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 youth | det |
| 36 | youth | youth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 feared | advcl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Gideon | unto Jether | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | slay | infinitive | Gideon not said here | men = man | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | ||||
| 3 | not draw | past | the youth | Gideon's sword | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Theme | ||||
| 4 | fear | past | Gideon | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | is a | past | Gideon | a youth | yet | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לְיֶ֣תֶר בְּכוֹר֔וֹ ק֖וּם הֲרֹ֣ג אוֹתָ֑ם וְלֹא־שָׁלַ֨ף הַנַּ֤עַר חַרְבּוֹ֙ כִּ֣י יָרֵ֔א כִּ֥י עוֹדֶ֖נּוּ נָֽעַר׃
Judges 8:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JDG:244 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.244/