Jeremiah 50:42 · JPS 1917

They lay hold on bow and spear, they are cruel, and have no compassion; their voice is like the roaring sea, and they ride upon horses; set in array, as a man for war, against thee, O daughter of Babylon.

Who acts: people, voice · What happens: lay hold, be, have, ride, set · To what, where: bow, compassion, array

This is Jeremiah 50:42 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, voice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 lay	nsubj
2	lay	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	hold	hold	ADP	_	2 lay	compound:prt
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 bow	case
5	bow	bow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lay	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 spear	cc
7	spear	spear	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 bow	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 cruel	punct
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 cruel	nsubj
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 cruel	cop
11	cruel	cruel	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 lay	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 have	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 have	cc
14	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 lay	conj
15	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	16 compassion	det
16	compassion	compassion	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 have	obj
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	24 sea	punct
18	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	19 voice	nmod:poss
19	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 sea	nsubj
20	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 sea	cop
21	like	like	ADP	_	24 sea	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 sea	det
23	roaring	roaring	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 sea	amod
24	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lay	conj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 ride	punct
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 ride	cc
27	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 ride	nsubj
28	ride	ride	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 lay	conj
29	upon	upon	ADP	_	30 horses	case
30	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 ride	obl
31	;	;	PUNCT	_	32 set	punct
32	set	set	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 lay	conj
33	in	in	ADP	_	34 array	case
34	array	array	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 set	obl
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 man	punct
36	as	as	ADP	_	38 man	case
37	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	38 man	det
38	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 set	obl
39	for	for	ADP	_	40 war	case
40	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 man	nmod
41	,	,	PUNCT	_	43 thee	punct
42	against	against	ADP	_	43 thee	case
43	thee	thou	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	32 set	obl
44	,	,	PUNCT	_	46 daughter	punct
45	O	o	INTJ	_	46 daughter	discourse
46	daughter	daughter	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 thee	appos
47	of	of	ADP	_	48 Babylon	case
48	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	Number=Sing	46 daughter	nmod
49	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 lay	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: neg
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	lay hold	present	people	bow and spear			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bow=Result
2	is	present	people			cruel property	tree rules
3	have	present	people not said here	no compassion			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent compassion=Patient
4	is	present	people's voice			like the roaring sea	tree rules
5	ride	present	people			upon horses	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
6	set	participle	people not said here		array	as a man for war; against thee	vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in array=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

קֶ֣שֶׁת וְכִידֹ֞ן יַחֲזִ֗יקוּ אַכְזָרִ֥י הֵ֙מָּה֙ וְלֹ֣א יְרַחֵ֔מוּ קוֹלָם֙ כַּיָּ֣ם יֶהֱמֶ֔ה וְעַל־סוּסִ֖ים יִרְכָּ֑בוּ עָר֗וּךְ כְּאִישׁ֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה עָלַ֖יִךְ בַּת־בָּבֶֽל׃

Jeremiah 50:42: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JER:1373 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1373/