Jeremiah 5:22 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2
Who have placed the sand for the bound of the sea, an everlasting ordinance, which it cannot pass; and though the waves thereof toss themselves, yet can they not prevail; though they roar, yet can they not pass over it.
Who acts: sand, waves · What happens: place, not pass, toss, not prevail, roar · To what, where: sand, everlasting ordinance, waves
This is Jeremiah 5:22 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sand, waves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Who | who | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 placed | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 placed | aux |
| 3 | placed | place | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 sand | det |
| 5 | sand | sand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 placed | obj |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 bound | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 bound | det |
| 8 | bound | bound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 placed | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 sea | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 sea | det |
| 11 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 bound | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 ordinance | punct |
| 13 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 ordinance | det |
| 14 | everlasting | everlasting | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 ordinance | amod |
| 15 | ordinance | ordinance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 bound | appos |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 pass | punct |
| 17 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 pass | obj |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 pass | nsubj |
| 19 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 pass | aux |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 pass | advmod |
| 21 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 ordinance | acl:relcl |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 prevail | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 prevail | cc |
| 24 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 28 toss | mark |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 waves | det |
| 26 | waves | wave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 toss | nsubj |
| 27 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 26 waves | advmod |
| 28 | toss | toss | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 prevail | advcl |
| 29 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 28 toss | obj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 prevail | punct |
| 31 | yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 35 prevail | cc |
| 32 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 35 prevail | aux |
| 33 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 prevail | nsubj |
| 34 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 35 prevail | advmod |
| 35 | prevail | prevail | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 placed | conj |
| 36 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 39 roar | punct |
| 37 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 39 roar | mark |
| 38 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 roar | nsubj |
| 39 | roar | roar | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 pass | advcl |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 pass | punct |
| 41 | yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 45 pass | cc |
| 42 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 45 pass | aux |
| 43 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 pass | nsubj |
| 44 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 45 pass | advmod |
| 45 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 placed | conj |
| 46 | over | over | ADP | _ | 47 it | case |
| 47 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 pass | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 placed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- yes/no question
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=q, act=assert, voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | place | present · perfect | the sand | for the bound of the sea | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent sand=Theme | ||||
| 2 | not pass | can | sand | a everlasting ordinance | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme which=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | toss | present | the waves | waves = wave | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Patient | ||||
| 4 | not prevail | can | waves = wave | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | roar | present | waves = wave | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | not pass | can | waves = wave | sand | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over it=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
הַאוֹתִ֨י לֹא־תִירָ֜אוּ נְאֻם־יְהֹוָ֗ה אִ֤ם מִפָּנַי֙ לֹ֣א תָחִ֔ילוּ אֲשֶׁר־שַׂ֤מְתִּי חוֹל֙ גְּב֣וּל לַיָּ֔ם חָק־עוֹלָ֖ם וְלֹ֣א יַעַבְרֶ֑נְהוּ וַיִּֽתְגָּעֲשׁוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יוּכָ֔לוּ וְהָמ֥וּ גַלָּ֖יו וְלֹ֥א יַעַבְרֻֽנְהוּ׃
Jeremiah 5:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- Fear ye not Me? saith the LORD; Will ye not tremble at My presence?
- Who have placed the sand for the bound of the sea, an everlasting ordinance, which it cannot pass; and though the waves thereof toss themselves, yet can they not prevail; though they roar, yet can they not pass over it.
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JER:159 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.159/