Jeremiah 8:14 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2
Assemble yourselves, and let us enter into the fortified cities, and let us be cut off there; for the LORD our God hath cut us off, and given us water of gall to drink, because we have sinned against the LORD.
Who acts: you, us, LORD, we · What happens: assemble, let, enter, fortify, cut off, give · To what, where: yourselves, us, fortified cities, water
This is Jeremiah 8:14 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, us, LORD, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Assemble | assemble | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | yourselves | yourselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 1 Assemble | obj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 let | punct |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 let | cc |
| 5 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Assemble | conj |
| 6 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 let | obj |
| 7 | enter | enter | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 let | xcomp |
| 8 | into | into | ADP | _ | 11 cities | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 cities | det |
| 10 | fortified | fortify | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 cities | amod |
| 11 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 enter | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 let | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 let | cc |
| 14 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Assemble | conj |
| 15 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 let | obj |
| 16 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 17 cut | aux:pass |
| 17 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 let | xcomp |
| 18 | off | off | ADP | _ | 17 cut | compound:prt |
| 19 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 17 cut | advmod |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 cut | punct |
| 21 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 27 cut | mark |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 LORD | det |
| 23 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 cut | nsubj |
| 24 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 God | nmod:poss |
| 25 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 LORD | appos |
| 26 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 cut | aux |
| 27 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 1 Assemble | parataxis |
| 28 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 27 cut | obj |
| 29 | off | off | ADP | _ | 27 cut | compound:prt |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 given | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 given | cc |
| 32 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 27 cut | conj |
| 33 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 32 given | iobj |
| 34 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 given | obj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 gall | case |
| 36 | gall | gall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 water | nmod |
| 37 | to | to | PART | _ | 38 drink | mark |
| 38 | drink | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 given | advcl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 sinned | punct |
| 40 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 43 sinned | mark |
| 41 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 43 sinned | nsubj |
| 42 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 43 sinned | aux |
| 43 | sinned | sin | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 32 given | advcl |
| 44 | against | against | ADP | _ | 46 LORD | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 LORD | det |
| 46 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 43 sinned | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Assemble | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | assemble | imperative | you not said here | yourselves | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent yourselves=Theme | ||||
| 2 | let | infinitive | you not said here | us | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | enter | infinitive | us not said here | the fortified cities | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into city=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | fortify | participle | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | let | infinitive | you not said here | us | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | cut off | infinitive · passive | us not said here | there | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP.eventuality V» | ||||
| 7 | cut off | present · perfect | the LORD | us | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector we=Eventuality | ||||
| 8 | give | participle | the LORD not said here | water of gall | us | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient water=Theme | |||
| 9 | drink | to-infinitive | the LORD not said here | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 10 | sin | present · perfect | we | against the LORD | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V PP.maleficiary»: agent=Agent against lord=Maleficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
עַל־מָה֙ אֲנַ֣חְנוּ יֹֽשְׁבִ֔ים הֵֽאָסְפ֗וּ וְנָב֛וֹא אֶל־עָרֵ֥י הַמִּבְצָ֖ר וְנִדְּמָה־שָּׁ֑ם כִּי֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֵ֤ינוּ הֲדִמָּ֙נוּ֙ וַיַּשְׁקֵ֣נוּ מֵי־רֹ֔אשׁ כִּ֥י חָטָ֖אנוּ לַיהוָֽה׃
Jeremiah 8:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- 'Why do we sit still?
- Assemble yourselves, and let us enter into the fortified cities, and let us be cut off there; for the LORD our God hath cut us off, and given us water of gall to drink, because we have sinned against the LORD.
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JER:254 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.254/