Jeremiah 12:4 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2
How long shall the land mourn, and the herbs of the whole field wither?
Who acts: land, herbs · What happens: mourn, wither
This is Jeremiah 12:4 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (land, herbs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 2 long | advmod |
| 2 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 6 mourn | advmod |
| 3 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 mourn | aux |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 land | det |
| 5 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 mourn | nsubj |
| 6 | mourn | mourn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 herbs | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 herbs | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 herbs | det |
| 10 | herbs | herb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 mourn | conj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 field | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 field | det |
| 13 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 field | amod |
| 14 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 herbs | nmod |
| 15 | wither | wither | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 herbs | acl |
| 16 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 mourn | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- yes/no question
- act
- ask
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=q
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mourn | shall | the land | long property | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | wither | infinitive | the herbs of the whole field not said here | vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
עַד־מָתַי֙ תֶּאֱבַ֣ל הָאָ֔רֶץ וְעֵ֥שֶׂב כָּל־הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה יִיבָ֑שׁ מֵרָעַ֣ת יֹֽשְׁבֵי־בָ֗הּ סָפְתָ֤ה בְהֵמוֹת֙ וָע֔וֹף כִּ֣י אָמְר֔וּ לֹ֥א יִרְאֶ֖ה אֶת־אַחֲרִיתֵֽנוּ׃
Jeremiah 12:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- How long shall the land mourn, and the herbs of the whole field wither?
- For the wickedness of them that dwell therein, the beasts are consumed, and the birds; because they said: 'He seeth not our end.'
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JER:353 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.353/