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Joel 2:5 · JPS 1917

Like the noise of chariots, on the tops of the mountains do they leap, like the noise of a flame of fire that devoureth the stubble, as a mighty people set in battle array.

Who acts: people, flame, mighty people, chariots, fire · What happens: leap, devour, set, noise, flame · To what, where: tops, stubble, battle array

This is Joel 2:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, flame, mighty people, chariots), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

casedetoblcasenmodpunctcasedetoblcasedetnmodauxnsubjpunctcasedetoblcasedetnmodcasenmodnsubjacl:relcldetobjpunctmarkdetamodnsubjadvclcasecompoundoblpunctrootLikeADPtheDETnoiseNOUNofADPchariotsNOUN,PUNCTonADPtheDETtopsNOUNofADPtheDETmountainsNOUNdoAUXtheyPRONleapVERB,PUNCTlikeADPtheDETnoiseNOUNofADPaDETflameNOUNofADPfireNOUNthatPRONdevourethVERBtheDETstubbleNOUN,PUNCTasSCONJaDETmightyADJpeopleNOUNsetVERBinADPbattleNOUNarrayNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1LikelikeADP_3 noisecase
2thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art3 noisedet
3noisenoiseNOUNNumber=Sing15 leapobl
4ofofADP_5 chariotscase
5chariotschariotNOUNNumber=Plur3 noisenmod
6,,PUNCT_9 topspunct
7ononADP_9 topscase
8thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art9 topsdet
9topstopNOUNNumber=Plur15 leapobl
10ofofADP_12 mountainscase
11thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art12 mountainsdet
12mountainsmountainNOUNNumber=Plur9 topsnmod
13dodoAUXMood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin15 leapaux
14theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs15 leapnsubj
15leapleapVERBVerbForm=Infrootroot
16,,PUNCT_19 noisepunct
17likelikeADP_19 noisecase
18thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art19 noisedet
19noisenoiseNOUNNumber=Sing15 leapobl
20ofofADP_22 flamecase
21aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art22 flamedet
22flameflameNOUNNumber=Sing19 noisenmod
23ofofADP_24 firecase
24firefireNOUNNumber=Sing22 flamenmod
25thatthatPRONPronType=Rel26 devourethnsubj
26devourethdevourVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin22 flameacl:relcl
27thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art28 stubbledet
28stubblestubbleNOUNNumber=Sing26 devourethobj
29,,PUNCT_34 setpunct
30asasSCONJ_34 setmark
31aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art33 peopledet
32mightymightyADJDegree=Pos33 peopleamod
33peoplepeopleNOUNNumber=Plur34 setnsubj
34setsetVERBMood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin15 leapadvcl
35ininADP_37 arraycase
36battlebattleNOUNNumber=Sing37 arraycompound
37arrayarrayNOUNNumber=Sing34 setobl
38..PUNCT_15 leappunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
narrator
polarity
neg
teacher
kept the draft
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1leappresent · do-supportpeoplethe tops of the mountainslike the noise of chariots; like the noise of a flame of firevn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on top=Trajectory
2devourpresenta flame of firethe stubblevn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stubble=Patient
3setpasta mighty peoplebattle arrayvn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in array=Destination
4noisechariotsnom noise «event intransitive»: of=agent
5noisea flame of firenom noise «event intransitive»: of=agent
6flamefirenom flame «process intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

כְּק֣וֹל מַרְכָּב֗וֹת עַל־רָאשֵׁ֤י הֶֽהָרִים֙ יְרַקֵּד֔וּן כְּקוֹל֙ לַ֣הַב אֵ֔שׁ אֹכְלָ֖ה קָ֑שׁ כְּעַ֣ם עָצ֔וּם עֱר֖וּךְ מִלְחָמָֽה׃

Joel 2:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JOL:25 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.25/